From: Declining trends in the rates of assisted injecting: a prospective cohort study
Characteristic | Males (n = 743) | Females (n = 376) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Requiring assistance with injectinga | p value | Requiring assistance with injectinga | p value | |||
Yes (%) | No (%) | Yes (%) | No (%) | |||
151 (20.3) | 592 (79.7) | 127 (33.8) | 249 (66.2) | |||
Demographic and social characteristics | ||||||
Age (median, IQR) | 43 (36–48) | 42 (35–48) | 0.596 | 36 (28–43) | 37 (29–45) | 0.605 |
Caucasian | 100 (66.2) | 409 (69.1) | 0.499 | 70 (55.1) | 125 (50.2) | 0.367 |
<High school diploma | 78 (51.7) | 249 (42.1) | 0.039 | 65 (51.2) | 141 (56.6) | 0.368 |
In a stable relationship | 40 (26.5) | 148 (25.0) | 0.683 | 55 (43.3) | 96 (38.6) | 0.390 |
Homelessa | 63 (41.7) | 230 (38.9) | 0.519 | 57 (44.9) | 86 (34.5) | 0.051 |
Sex worka | 7 (4.6) | 11 (1.9) | 0.069 | 54 (42.5) | 102 (41.0) | 0.822 |
Incarcerateda | 29 (19.2) | 115 (19.4) | 0.951 | 28 (22.1) | 33 (13.3) | 0.031 |
Victim of violencea | 50 (33.1) | 137 (23.1) | 0.013 | 43 (33.9) | 51 (20.5) | 0.007 |
Drug use-related characteristics | ||||||
Years injecting (median, IQR) | 20 (8–30) | 19 (12–31) | 0.347 | 12 (8–24) | 16 (10–24) | 0.044 |
≥Daily heroin injectiona | 52 (34.4) | 187 (31.6) | 0.504 | 62 (48.8) | 86 (34.5) | 0.007 |
≥Daily cocaine injectiona | 20 (13.3) | 52 (8.8) | 0.100 | 18 (14.2) | 27 (10.8) | 0.347 |
≥Daily crystal meth injectiona | 14 (9.3) | 24 (4.1) | 0.009 | 8 (6.3) | 9 (3.6) | 0.229 |
≥Daily PO injectiona | 8 (5.3) | 47 (7.9) | 0.269 | 7 (5.5) | 12 (4.8) | 0.772 |
Injecting in publica | 77 (51.0) | 242 (40.9) | 0.021 | 67 (52.8) | 92 (37.0) | 0.003 |
Syringe borrowinga | 15 (9.9) | 56 (9.5) | 0.860 | 22 (17.3) | 21 (8.4) | 0.011 |
Non-fatal overdosea | 18 (11.9) | 36 (6.1) | 0.014 | 14 (11.0) | 23 (9.2) | 0.608 |
Accessed VANDU Injection Support Teama | 26 (17.2) | 67 (11.3) | 0.014 | 17 (13.4) | 26 (10.4) | 0.574 |
Ever learned safe injection technique by healthcare provider | 34 (22.5) | 124 (21.0) | 0.932 | 37 (29.1) | 45 (18.1) | 0.026 |