Table 3 Naloxone access and overdose
Non-SSP (N = 32) | SSP (N = 48) | Total (N = 80) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
% (N) | p value (X2) | |||
Have you heard of a drug called naloxone/Narcan ® , a medication that can be used to treat opioid overdoses? | ||||
No. | 3.1% (1) | 2.1% (1) | 2.5% (2) | 1.000 |
Yes | 96.9% (31) | 97.9% (47) | 97.5% (78) | |
In the last 12 months have you been offered naloxone/Narcan ® , often contained in a blue bag? a | ||||
Yes, and I accepted a kit/s | 64.5% (20) | 87.2% (41) | 78.2% (61) | 0.019 |
Yes, but I did not accept a kit because I already have at least one | 0.0% (0) | 2.1% (1) | 1.3% (1) | |
Yes, but I did not accept a kit and I don’t already have one | 3.2% (1) | 2.1% (1) | 2.6% (2) | |
No | 32.3% (10) | 8.5% (4) | 17.9% (14) | |
Where did you get your kit(s) from? a/b | ||||
SSP | 0.0 (0) | 87.8 (36) | 59.0 (36) | NA |
Methadone program | 10.0 (2) | 9.8 (4) | 9.8 (6) | |
Drug treatment or detox | 35.0 (7) | 0.0 (0) | 11.5 (7) | |
Emergency department | 20.0 (4) | 0.0 (0) | 6.6 (4) | |
Friend/partner/family member | 25.0 (5) | 2.4 (1) | 9.8 (6) | |
Service provider (e.g., homeless services, reentry support, employment assistance) | 15.0 (3) | 2.4 (1) | 6.6 (4) | |
First responder (e.g., EMS, police) | 10.0 (2) | 2.4 (1) | 4.9 (3) | |
Other | 20.0 (4) | 22.0 (9) | 21.3 (13) | |
Where do you typically keep your naloxone/Narcan ® kit? a/b | ||||
On person | 0.0 (0) | 2.4 (1) | 1.6 (1) | NA |
In bag | 5.0 (1) | 53.7 (22) | 37.7 (23) | |
Place of residence | 90.0 (18) | 68.3 (28) | 75.4 (46) | |
Other | 10.0 (2) | 17.1 (7) | 14.8 (9) | |
In the last 12 months, have you experienced a drug overdose? | ||||
No | 62.5% (20) | 72.9% (35) | 68.8% (55) | 0.338 |
Yes | 37.5% (12) | 27.1% (13) | 31.3% (25) | |
In the last 12 months, have you witnessed someone else overdose? | ||||
No | 62.5% (20) | 16.7% (8) | 35.0% (28) | 0.000 |
Yes | 37.5% (12) | 83.3% (40) | 65.0% (52) | |
Mean (SD) | t test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
How many kits do you currently have? | 1.1 (SD = 1.2) | 2.3 (SD = 2.3) | 1.7 (1.9) | t (56) = − 2.6, p = 0.013 |