Table 5 Bivariate and multivariate analyses on the prevalence of overall violence among all participants in the past year

Sex

Male

1(Ref)

region, marital status, partner types, employment

Female

0.82

[0.75, 0.9]

 < 0.001**

[0.77, 1.09]

Region

Nairobi

1(Ref)

sex, marital status, partner types, employment

Coast

1.53

[1.41—1.66]

 < 0.001**

[1.27, 1.72]

Region (Male only)

Nairobi

1(Ref)

marital status, partner types, employment

Coast

1.35

[1.23, 1.48]

 < 0.001**

[1.08, 1.59]

Region (Female only)

Nairobi

1(Ref)

marital status, partner types, employment

Coast

2.04

[1.75, 2.39]

 < 0.001**

[1.42, 2.36]

Marital Status

Single

1(Ref)

region, sex, partner types, employment

Married

1.08

[0.98, 1.2]

0.121

[0.83, 1.22]

Partnered

1.39

[1.22, 1.6]

 < 0.001**

[0.98, 1.62]

Divorced/ Separated/ Widow

1.24

[1.13, 1.37]

 < 0.001**

[0.96, 1.37]

Housing

Stable

1(Ref)

employment, sex, marital status, partner types

Unstable

1.14

[1.03, 1.27]

0.019*

[0.88, 1.32]

Injecting drug use and Methadone status

No active IDU/

Methadone

1(Ref)

marital status, partner types, employment

Active IDU/

Methadone

1.75*

[1.18, 2.6]

0.001*

[0.81, 2.79]

Active IDU/

No Methadone

1.53*

[1.04, 2.25]

0.018*

[0.76, 2.54]

No active IDU/

No Methadone

1.66*

[1.03, 2.67]

0.041*

[0.72, 3.36]

Male participants’ sexual partners

Only women

1(Ref)

region, marital status, partner types, employment

Men (or both men and women)

1.36

[1.21, 1.54]

 < 0.001**

[0.84, 1.55]

Female participants’ sexual partners

Only men

1(Ref)

region, marital status, partner types, employment

Women (or both men and women)

1.61

[1.3, 1.99]

 < 0.001**

[0.89, 1.81]