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Table 6 Social determinants of health and complex health variables—data dictionary

From: The associations between social determinants of health, mental health, substance-use and recidivism: a ten-year retrospective cohort analysis of women who completed the connections programme in Australia

Needs

Inclusion criteria

At baseline

Follow-up question

Social determinants of health

Housing

Housing issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Do you need help finding somewhere else to live?

Yes—Ongoing housing needs identified

No—No ongoing housing need, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (9.0%)—allocated to the comparison group

Employment

Employment/training

issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Do you need any further help with finding employment or accessing training/education?

Yes—Ongoing employment needs identified

No—No ongoing employment need, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (13.3%)—allocated to the comparison group

Financial problems

Financial issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Do you have any money problems with the following: Centrelink (i.e., government support payment); Department of Housing; Bank loan; Bank account/Credit-card; Personal loan; Rental; Damage done to property; State Debt Recovery Office; Victims Compensation; Child support agency; Tax outstanding; Utilities (Electricity/phone); or Bankruptcy?

Yes (to any)—Ongoing financial problem identified

No—No ongoing financial problem, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (9.4%)—allocated to the comparison group

Education

Educational issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Do you need any further help with finding employment or accessing training/education?

Yes—Ongoing employment need identified

No—No ongoing education need, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (13.3%)—allocated to the comparison group

Domestic violence

Domestic violence issues identified on the domestic violence screening sheet in the pre-release assessment

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

How often in the last month, did you have conflict with your partner? (By conflict I mean verbal abuse, serious argument or violence, not a routine difference of opinion)

Women who answered:

Sometimes, Often or Always—Ongoing domestic violence need identified

Never—No ongoing domestic violence need identified, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (9.0%)—allocated to the comparison group

Child-custody

Women who answered Yes to Do you have children?

AND

Parenting issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Women who reported not having children (22%) were excluded from the analysis

Q1. Since release, was a child restored to your care? Or

Q2. Since release, was a child removed from your care?

Women who answered No to Q1 or Yes to Q2—Ongoing child-custody need identified

Women who answered Yes to Q1 or No to Q2—No ongoing child-custody need identified, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (75.5%)—allocated to the comparison group

Social support

Social support issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Q1. Have you had any difficulties keeping in contact with your family or friends since your release? Or

Q2. How often in the last month, did you have conflict with your relatives?

Women who answered Yes to Q1, or Often or Always to Q2—Ongoing social support need identified

Women who answered No, NA or Refused to answer to Q1, or Sometimes, Never to Q2—No ongoing social support need identified, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (9.0%)—allocated to the comparison group

Complex health issuesa

Substance-use

Drug and/or alcohol issues identified on the re-entry treatment plan

Yes, issues identified—included in the analysis

No issues identified—allocated to the comparison group

Q1. Have you used any drugs (other than prescribed) since your release? Or

Q2. Have you had any problems with alcohol since release?

Yes to Q1 or Q2—Substance-use since release reported

Women who answered No to Q1 or Q2, allocated to the comparison group

Did not answer question (8.7%)—allocated to the comparison group

Mental Health

Women who received a mean score < 50 on the SF-12 mental component—included in the analysis

Women who received a mean score > 50 on the SF-12 mental component—allocated to the comparison group

Missing (9.2%)—allocated to the comparison group

Women who received a mean score < 50 on the SF-12 mental component—included in the analysis

Women who received a mean score > 50 on the SF-12 mental component—allocated to the comparison group

Missing (13.3%)—allocated to the comparison group

  1. a Complex health issues are measured at both baseline and follow-up; however, they are not computed as ongoing needs. Instead we analysed all patients who reported a health issue in the community regardless of whether they had an issue identified at baseline due to their harms on health, social functioning and associations with recidivism