Table 1 Descriptive and health-related characteristics of participants reporting presumed xylazine effects among people who inject drugs in Baltimore (n = 96)
Total | No | Yes | Chi-squared p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 96 | N = 37 | N = 59 | ||
Gender: Female | 29% (28) | 27% (10) | 31% (18) | 0.71 |
Age | 0.65 | |||
< 45 | 24% (23) | 19% (7) | 27% (16) | |
45–54 | 31% (30) | 32% (12) | 31% (18) | |
55+ | 45% (43) | 49% (18) | 42% (25) | |
Race/ethnicity | 0.83 | |||
Non-Hispanic Black | 83% (80) | 81% (30) | 85% (50) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 10% (10) | 11% (12) | 10% (6) | |
Other | 6% (6) | 8% (3) | 5% (3) | |
Residence: Baltimore City | 94% (90) | 97% (36) | 92% (54) | 0.26 |
Inject daily | 72% (69) | 62% (23) | 78% (46) | 0.094 |
Sexual orientation: Homosexual or Bisexual | 10% (10) | 8% (3) | 12% (7) | 0.56 |
Treatment | 55% (53) | 65% (24) | 49% (29) | 0.13 |
Inject in shooting gallery | 47% (45) | 41% (15) | 51% (30) | 0.32 |
Inject alone | 55% (53) | 38% (14) | 66% (39) | 0.007 |
Syringe service program | 70% (67) | 65% (24) | 73% (43) | 0.41 |
Inject cocaine | 0.67 | |||
Never | 54% (52) | 59% (22) | 51% (30) | |
Less than daily | 29% (28) | 24% (9) | 32% (19) | |
Daily or more | 17% (16) | 16% (6) | 17% (10) | |
Inject heroin | 0.28 | |||
Never | 11% (11) | 16% (6) | 8% (5) | |
Less than daily | 25% (24) | 30% (11) | 22% (13) | |
Daily or more | 64% (61) | 54% (20) | 69% (41) | |
Inject speedball | 0.069 | |||
Never | 26% (25) | 30% (11) | 24% (14) | |
Less than daily | 35% (34) | 46% (17) | 29% (17) | |
Daily or more | 39% (37) | 24% (9) | 47% (28) | |
Fentanyl | 0.003 | |||
Never | 18% (17) | 35% (13) | 7% (12) | |
Less than daily | 43% (41) | 41% (15) | 44% (26) | |
Daily or more | 39% (37) | 24% (9) | 47% (28) | |
Overdosed in past year | 24% (23) | 11% (12) | 32% (19) | 0.030 |
Used Narcan in past year | 41% (39) | 22% (8) | 53% (31) | 0.003 |
Witnessed overdose in past year | 66% (63) | 46% (17) | 78% (46) | 0.001 |
Knows someone who died of overdose in past year | 85% (82) | 76% (28) | 92% (54) | 0.091 |
Abscess requiring medical attention in past year | 29% (28) | 19% (7) | 36% (21) | 0.080 |