Table 1 Participant characteristics across age groups, by state
Manipur (n=1,657) | Nagaland (n=1,705) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18–24 years % (n) | 25–34 years % (n) | 35 + years % (n) | Total % (n) | p valuea | 18–24 years % (n) | 25–34 years % (n) | 35 + years % (n) | Total % (n) | p valuea | |
Literacy | 0.017 | 0.013 | ||||||||
Illiterate | 9.4 (37) | 7.5 (67) | 12.5 (46) | 9.1 (150) | 18.3 (136) | 23.8 (186) | 25.7 (46) | 21.6 (368) | ||
Literate | 90.6 (355) | 92.5 (830) | 87.5 (322) | 90.9 (1,507) | 81.7 (607) | 76.2 (597) | 74.3 (133) | 78.4 (1,337) | ||
Marital status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
Never married | 89.5 (351) | 53.6 (481) | 18.8 (69) | 54.4 (901) | 91.9 (683) | 52.9 (413) | 17.4 (31) | 66.2 (1,127) | ||
Currently married | 8.2 (32) | 36.6 (328) | 66.6 (245) | 36.5 (605) | 6.9 (51) | 42.6 (333) | 73.0 (130) | 30.2 (514) | ||
Widowed/divorced/separated | 2.3 (9) | 9.8 (88) | 14.7 (54) | 9.1 (151) | 1.2 (9) | 4.5 (35) | 9.6 (17) | 3.6 (61) | ||
Length of injecting career | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
< 3 years | 64.4 (251) | 20.8 (186) | 13.7 (50) | 29.5 (487) | 71.6 (530) | 33.6 (262) | 21.7 (38) | 49.0 (830) | ||
≥ 3 years | 35.6 (139) | 79.2 (708) | 86.3 (316) | 70.5 (1,163) | 28.4 (210) | 66.4 (517) | 78.3 (137) | 51.0 (864) | ||
Most commonly injected drug | <0.001 | 0.004 | ||||||||
Heroin | 87.8 (344) | 96.8 (868) | 99.5 (366) | 95.2 (1,578) | 14.9 (111) | 18.8 (147) | 8.4 (15) | 16.0 (273) | ||
SPb | 6.9 (27) | 2.2 (20) | 0.3 (1) | 2.9 (48) | 82.1 (610) | 77.7 (608) | 86.0 (154) | 80.5 (1,372) | ||
Other | 5.4 (21) | 1.0 (9) | 0.3 (1) | 1.9 (31) | 3.0 (22) | 3.6 (28) | 5.6 (10) | 3.5 (60) | ||
Frequency of injecting | 0.140 | 0.244 | ||||||||
Injected less than daily | 35.1 (133) | 33.0 (291) | 28.5 (101) | 32.5 (525) | 79.9 (504) | 76.1(537) | 78.2 (133) | 77.9 (1,174) | ||
Injected daily | 64.9 (246) | 67.0 (590) | 71.5 (254) | 67.5 (1,090) | 20.1 (127) | 23.9 (169) | 21.8 (37) | 22.1 (333) | ||
Place usually procure needles/syringes | 0.391 | <0.001 | ||||||||
Needle syringe programme | 77.3 (303) | 79.5 (713) | 82.9 (305) | 79.7 (1,321) | 65.3 (483) | 51.4 (402) | 40.3 (71) | 56.3 (956) | ||
Chemist / pharmacy | 19.4 (76) | 17.8 (160) | 15.2 (56) | 17.6 (292) | 32.6 (241) | 47.6 (372) | 58.5 (103) | 42.2 (716) | ||
Other | 3.3 (13) | 2.7 (24) | 1.9 (7) | 2.7 (44) | 2.2 (16) | 1.0 (8) | 1.1 (2) | 1.5 (26) | ||
Shared needle/syringe - past month | 0.474 | 0.918 | ||||||||
No | 85.2 (310) | 87.3 (748) | 88.1 (310) | 87.0 (1,368) | 62.0 (426) | 62.2 (423) | 60.4 (90) | 61.9 (939) | ||
Yes | 14.8 (54) | 12.7 (109) | 11.9 (42) | 13.0 (205) | 38.0 (261) | 37.8 (257) | 39.6 (59) | 38.1 (577) | ||
Drew drugs from common container at last injection | 0.005 | 0.786 | ||||||||
No | 72.7 (285) | 75.5 (677) | 82.3 (303) | 76.3 (1,265) | 48.9 (363) | 50.6 (396) | 50.3 (90) | 49.8 (849) | ||
Yes | 27.3 (107) | 24.5 (220) | 17.7 (65) | 23.7 (392) | 51.0 (379) | 49.4 (387) | 49.7 (89) | 50.1 (855) | ||
Ever had sex | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
No | 25.8 (101) | 9.6 (86) | 4.9 (18) | 12.4 (205) | 14.8 (110) | 3.3 (26) | 0.0 (0) | 8.0 (136) | ||
Yes | 74.2 (291) | 90.4 (811) | 95.1 (350) | 87.6 (1,452) | 85.2 (632) | 96.7 (757) | 100.0 (179) | 92.0 (1,568) | ||
Number of female sex partners - past yearc | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
None | 17.5 (51) | 22.4 (182) | 19.4 (68) | 20.7 (301) | 3.4 (21) | 8.3 (62) | 16.7 (29) | 7.3 (112) | ||
1 | 32.3 (94) | 51.8 (420) | 69.7 (244) | 52.2 (758) | 30.0 (186) | 42.3 (315) | 50.0 (87) | 38.2 (588) | ||
≥ 2 Partners | 50.2 (146) | 25.8 (209) | 10.9 (38) | 27.1 (393) | 66.6 (413) | 49.3 (367) | 33.3 (58) | 54.5 (838) | ||
Female sexual partners – past yearc | ||||||||||
Regular non-paid partner(s) | 44.3 (129) | 56.8 (461) | 72.6 (254) | 58.1 (844) | <0.001 | 75.1 (471) | 78.2 (589) | 82.7 (148) | 77.5 (1,208) | 0.081 |
Casual non-paid partner(s) | 47.8 (139) | 21.8 (177) | 9.1 (32) | 24.0 (348) | <0.001 | 55.1 (343) | 39.1 (292) | 27.5 (49) | 44.2 (684) | <0.001 |
Paid partner(s) | 17.9 (52) | 14.8 (120) | 6.3 (22) | 13.4 (194) | <0.001 | 5.6 (35) | 5.2 (39) | 8.9 (16) | 5.8 (90) | 0.149 |
Consistent condom use with different types of female partners – past yeard | ||||||||||
Regular non-paid partner(s) | 16.7 (21) | 7.0 (32) | 9.9 (25) | 9.4 (78) | 0.004 | 17.7 (82) | 9.1 (53) | 2.7 (4) | 11.7 (139) | <0.001 |
Casual non-paid partner(s) | 28.4 (40) | 16.6 (30) | 17.6 (6) | 21.3(76) | 0.032 | 38.7 (135) | 27.8 (83) | 16.0 (8) | 32.4 (226) | <0.001 |
Paid partner(s) | 57.7 (30) | 43.3 (52) | 50.0 (11) | 47.9 (93) | 0.219 | 52.8 (19) | 34.1 (14) | 18.8 (3) | 38.7 (36) | 0.049 |
Ever had an HIV test | 31.6 (124) | 58.7 (525) | 62.0 (228) | 53.0 (877) | 0.000 | 37.2 (269) | 46.3 (342) | 43.8 (70) | 42.0 (681) | 0.002 |
Tested positive for different types of infectionse | ||||||||||
HIV | 5.9 (9) | 27.3 (138) | 65.0 (106) | 30.8 (253) | 0.000 | 0.0 (0) | 2.3 (9) | 2.7 (3) | 1.4 (12) | 0.021 |
Hepatitis C (HCV) | 53.3 (81) | 74.9 (379) | 90.2 (147) | 73.9 (607) | 0.000 | 8.8 (28) | 16.4 (65) | 21.4 (24) | 14.1 (117) | 0.001 |
Reactive syphilis serology | 2.0 (3) | 4.3 (22) | 4.3 (7) | 3.9 (32) | 0.398 | 7.5 (24) | 16.1 (64) | 20.5 (23) | 13.4 (111) | <0.001 |
Chlamydia | 2.6 (4) | 2.0 (10) | 0.6 (1) | 1.8 (15) | 0.384 | 12.5 (40) | 7.6 (30) | 4.5 (5) | 9.1 (75) | 0.014 |