Table 2 Substance use and access to care at prison entry.
From: Harm reduction and equity of access to care for French prisoners: a review
| Â | Mouquet | Sahajian | Lukasiewicz | Oppidum | Feuillerat | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | 1997 (%) | 2003 (%) | 2003 (%) | 2003–2004 (%) | 2005 (%) | 1998 (%) | 2001 (%) | 2004 (%) |
Method : | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Number of prisons, inmates | 135 prisons | 134 prisons | 3 prisons | 23 prisons | 9 prisons | All prisons | ||
| Â | 8 728 files | 6 087 files | 1 463 files | 998 inmates | 215 questionnaires | Questionnaires to medical staff | ||
   Population | Incoming inmates, | Incoming inmates, | Incoming inmates | Cross sectional study Stratified random sample | Drug users' sample self-questionnaire | All inmates | ||
   Study period | 1 month | from 2 weeks to 3 months depending of the size of the prison | 1 year |  |  | 1 week | ||
   diagnosis | Regular, extended drug use previous 12 months | Regular, extended drug use previous 12 months | Regular use, abuse or dependence during previous 6 months | DSM-IV criteria for drug abuse or dependence, including cannabis |  |  |  |  |
1. Heroin, morphine, opium use | 14.4 | 6.5 | Â | Â | 15 | Â | Â | Â |
2. Cocaine/crack use | 8.9 | 7.7 | 4.1 [1+2+3] | 27.9 [1+2+3+ cannabis use] | 26 | Â | Â | Â |
3. Other drugs (LSD, ecstasy) | 3.4 | 4.0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
4. Psychotropic drugs use | 9.1 | 5.4 | 2.5 | Â | 67 | Â | Â | Â |
5. Polydrug use | 14.6 | 10.5 | 29 | Â | 65 | Â | Â | Â |
6. Intravenous drug use | 6.2 | 2.6 | Â | Â | 10 | Â | Â | Â |
7. History of drug injection | 11.8 | 6.5 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
8. Methadone at prison entry | 0.6 | 1.5 | Â | Â | 22 | Â | Â | Â |
9. Buprenorphine at prison entry | 6.3 | 6.0 | Â | Â | 78 | Â | Â | Â |
10. OST at prison entry* or during prison stay** | 6.9* | 7.5* | 11* | Â | 56* | 2.0** | 5.4** | 6.6** |