Factors | N* | % (HIV+)†| OR (95% CI) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Knowledge of three major transmission routes for HIV | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 548 | 53.8 (295) | 1.0 | 0.006 |
   No | 129 | 40.3 (52) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) |  |
Received voluntary counseling and testing | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 628 | 51.3 (322) | 1.0 | 0.03 |
   Yes | 34 | 70.6 (24) | 2.5 (1.2–5.0) |  |
Drug use behaviors | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Duration of drug use (injection plus non-injection) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <5 years | 114 | 37.7 (43) | 1.0 | 0.002 |
   ≥ 5 years | 432 | 53.9 (233) | 1.9 (1.3–3.0) |  |
Duration of injection drug use | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <5 years | 186 | 34.9 (65) | 1.0 | 0.001 |
   ≥ 5 years | 381 | 56.7 (216) | 2.4 (1.7–3.5) |  |
Frequency of drug injection in the last week | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <2 times | 470 | 53.8 (253) | 1.0 | 0.6 |
   ≥ 2 times | 176 | 51.7 (91) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) |  |
Ever shared needle and/or syringe during injection | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 328 | 49.4 (162) | 1.0 | 0.2 |
   Yes | 341 | 54.8 (187) | 1.2 (0.9–1.7) |  |
Ever shared needle and/or syringe in the last injection | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 586 | 51.2 (300) | 1.0 | 0.1 |
   Yes | 78 | 60.3 (47) | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) |  |
No. of people shared needle and/or syringe in the last injection | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   = 1 | 19 | 47.4(19) | 1.0 | 0.3 |
   >1 | 56 | 62.5(35) | 1.8(0.6–5.3) |  |
Frequency of shared injection needle and/or syringe in the last 6 months | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Never | 516 | 52.3(516) | 1.0 | 0.4 |
   Sometimes | 137 | 51.8(137) | 1.0(0.7–1.4) | 0.9 |
   Always | 6 | 83.3(5) | 4.6(0.5–39.3) | 0.2 |
Always carried a needle and syringe with you when you were out | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 171 | 53.8(92) | 1.0 | 0.4 |
   No | 409 | 57.5(235) | 1.2(0.8–1.7) |  |
How many times a needle and syringe was used before trashing it | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   1 times | 252 | 59.1(149) | 1.0 |  |
   2 times | 194 | 56.7(110) | 0.9(0.6–1.3) | 0.7 |
   >2 times | 105 | 48.6(51) | 0.7(0.4–1.0) | 0.08 |
Sexual behavior | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Living with regular sex partners in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 282 | 51.8 (146) | 1.0 | 0.8 |
   No | 380 | 52.9 (201) | 1.0(0.8–1.4) |  |
Ever had sex with regular sex partners in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 257 | 51.8(133) | 1.0 | 0.8 |
   No | 23 | 52.2(12) | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) |  |
Condom use with regular partner in the last sex act | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 76 | 52.6(40) | 1.0 | 0.8 |
   No | 186 | 51.1(95) | 0.9(0.6–1.6) |  |
Frequency of condom use with regular sex partner in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Always | 81 | 45.7 (37) | 1.0 | 0.4 |
   Sometimes | 146 | 54.8 (80) | 1.4(0.8–2.5) | 0.2 |
   Never | 32 | 53.1 (17) | 1.3(0.6–3.1) | 0.5 |
Regular sex partners ever used drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 199 | 49.7 (99) | 1.0 | 0.6 |
   Yes | 95 | 52.6 (50) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) |  |
Regular sex partner knew you used drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 81 | 48.1(39) | 1.0 | 0.6 |
   Yes | 214 | 51.4(110) | 1.1(0.7–1.9) |  |
Ever shared needle and/or syringe with a regular sex partner | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 47 | 53.2(25) | 1.0 | 0.9 |
   Yes | 46 | 54.3(25) | 1.0(0.5–2.4) |  |
Ever had sex with non-regular partners in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 528 | 53.4 (282) | 1.0 | 0.3 |
   Yes | 132 | 48.5 (64) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) |  |
No. of non-regular sex partners in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   1 | 45 | 51.1(23) | 1.0 | 0.5 |
   >1 | 56 | 44.6(25) | 0.8(0.4–1.7) |  |
Condom use with non-regular sex partner in the last sex act | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 42 | 54.8(23) | 1.0 | 0.3 |
   No | 92 | 45.7(42) | 0.7(0.3–1.4) |  |
Frequency of condom use with non-regular sex partners in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Always | 73 | 39.7 (29) | 1.0 | 0.1 |
   Sometimes | 36 | 58.3 (21) | 2.1(0.9–4.8) | 0.1 |
   Never | 24 | 58.3 (14) | 2.1(0.8–5.4) | 0.2 |
Ever paid or provided drugs for sex in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 507 | 56.2(507) |  | 0.2 |
   Yes | 41 | 43.9(41) | 0.6(0.3–1.2) |  |
No. of sex partners ever paid or provided drugs for sex in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   1 | 10 | 50.0(5) | 1.0 | 0.8 |
   >1 | 24 | 45.8(11) | 0.8(0.2–3.7) |  |
Condom use during paid or provided drugs for sex in the last sex act | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 13 | 53.8(7) | 1 | 0.3 |
   No | 28 | 39.3(11) | 0.4(0.1–1.8) |  |
Frequency of condom use during paid or provided drugs for sex in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Always | 5 | 60.0(3) | 1 | 0.2 |
   Sometimes | 12 | 66.7(8) | 0.4(0.2–11.5) | 1 |
   Never | 23 | 30.4(7) | 0.1(0.04–2.1) | 0.3 |
Ever provided sex for money or drugs in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 83 | 32.4(27) |  | 0.7 |
   Yes | 34 | 38.7(13) | 1.2(0.6–2.9) |  |
No. of sex partners for money or drugs in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   1 | 0 | 0 | - |  |
   >1 | 19 | 36.8(8) | - |  |
Condom use during sex for money or drugs in the sex act | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 13 | 30.8(4) |  | 0.7 |
   No | 16 | 43.8(7) | 1.8(0.4–8.1) |  |
Frequency of condom use during sex for money or drugs in the last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Always | 0 | 0 | - |  |
   Sometimes | 5 | 60.0(3) | - |  |
   Never | 7 | 14.3(1) | - |  |
Syphilis sero-status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Negative | 614 | 50.0(307) | 1.0 | 0.9 |
   Positive | 33 | 48.5(16) | 0.9(0.5–1.9) |  |