Table 2 Variables independently associated with HIV and hepatitis B and C infection in logistic regression analysis among a cohort of male injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan (N = 483)

HIV:

Ever share needles or syringes

5.96

1.58 - 22.38

Initiated injecting outside Afghanistan*

3.41

0.83 - 14.27

Hepatitis B Virus:

Daily income

1.01

1.00 - 1.01

Current needle and syringe program use

0.36

0.14 - 0.94

Hepatitis C Virus:

Ever have abscess at injecting site

2.22

1.33 - 3.70

Ever share needles or syringes

2.33

1.38 - 3.95

Initiated injecting outside Afghanistan

1.95

1.26 - 3.04

Frequency daily injections (# injections)

1.47

1.11 - 1.94

Duration of injecting (per year)

1.05

1.00 - 1.10

Age (per year)

1.04

1.01 - 1.07