Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of determinants of HIV infection in drug users in five cities (N = 685)

 Received free condoms

0.64

0.43–0.98

0.04

**

NS.

 Received training on using of condom

1.04

0.75–1.44

0.83

#

 Received HIV test

0.89

0.66–1.21

0.45

#

 Received NSPs

0.59

0.38–0.91

0.02

**

0.60

0.36–0.99

0.05

**

 Received MMT

0.63

0.46–0.88

0.01

***

0.61

0.42–0.91

0.02

**

 Knowledge score of 8 questions^a

0.99

0.90–1.08

0.76

#

 Knowing where to have a HIV test

1.19

0.87–1.65

0.28

#

 Knowing his/her serostatus

0.63

0.44–0.92

0.02

**

0.63

0.42–0.95

0.03

**

 Perceived risk of HIV infection

2.45

1.55–3.87

<0.001

***

2.05

1.24–3.39

<0.01

***

 Should people with HIV be allowed to continue to work or study?

0.91

0.65–1.28

0.58

#

 Are you willing to remain in contact with a friend with HIV infection?

0.86

0.60–1.24

0.42

#

 Had intention of using condom

0.87

0.57–1.33

0.52

#

 Had intention of not sharing needles and syringes with others

1.04

0.70–1.56

0.84

#

• Current injecting drug users but not sharing syringes vs. never injected drugs

2.22

1.40–3.50

0.00

***

2.00

1.22–3.27

<0.01

***

• Current injecting drug users and sharing syringes vs. never injected drugs

3.65

2.32–5.75

<0.001

***

3.04

1.84–5.03

<0.01

***

Used of condom during the last sexual intercourse

0.73

0.52–1.03

0.07

*

0.71

0.49–1.03

0.07

*

 Age

1.02

1.0–1.05

0.05

**

NS.

 Gender (male vs. female)

0.48

0.32–0.71

<0.001

***

0.56

0.36–0.86

<0.01

***

 Education level

0.95

0.76–1.18

0.63

#

 Han ethnic group

1.54

1.06–2.23

0.02

**

NS.

 Official residence; Yunnan province

0.11

0.05–0.25

<0.001

***

0.14

0.06–0.32

<0.01

***

 Age at initiation of drug use >20 years

1.00

0.73–1.38

0.98

#

 Duration of drug use >9 years

1.55

1.14–2.11

0.01

***

NS.