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Table 1 Clostridium botulinum outbreak case definition

From: A pragmatic harm reduction approach to manage a large outbreak of wound botulism in people who inject drugs, Scotland 2015

Clinical

Any person with at least one of bilateral cranial nerve impairment (e.g. diplopia, blurred vision, dysphagia, bulbar weakness) or peripheral symmetric paralysis.

Epidemiological

Use of illicit drugs by any route within the 2 weeks prior to onset of symptoms.

Microbiological

Isolation of Clostridium botulinum from infected wound and/or detection of botulinum toxin in a clinical specimen.