Table 2 Domain themes, descriptions, and coding subdivisions after second cycle coding
Domain | Domain themes and description | Coding subdivisions |
|---|---|---|
Domain I | Education: Student describes importance of education in harm reduction for student, patients/community, and pharmacist. | • Curriculum/Student view • Patients/community • Pharmacist |
Domain II | Dispensing Needles: Student describes their opinions on dispensing needles without prescription | • Personally opposed but professionally for • Professionally opposed but personally for • Personally and professionally for • Personally and professionally against |
Domain III | Dispensing naloxone: Students describe their opinions on dispensing naloxone | • Personally opposed but professionally for • Professionally opposed but personally for • Personally and professionally for • Personally and professionally against |
Domain IV | Past working experience in the pharmacy: Students describe their past working experiences in the pharmacy that relate to needle dispensing, naloxone dispensing, or Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) | • No subdivisions in this domain |
Domain V | The role of the pharmacist: Student describes pharmacists’ role in harm reduction approaches to substance use | • Open minded • Non-judgmental • Recognizing stigma addiction/mental health • Communication/interprofessional • Public health role |
Domain VI | Barriers within students: Student describes the information related to dispensing naloxone in an incorrect manner and/or misunderstands the questions | • Would be okay with giving out for prescription but not for illicit drugs • Incorrect knowledge • Misunderstand the questions • Miscellaneous viewpoints |
Domain VII | Past experiences and exposures: Student describes their past experiences that relate to addiction and people who have/are addicted | • No subdivision in this domain |
Domain VIII | Leading cause of opioid epidemic: Student describes their beliefs on major leading cause of opioid epidemic in the USA | • Overprescribing • Manufacturing the opioid • Lack of education toward opioids • Prescription drugs increased use of illegal street drugs |
Domain IX | Solutions: Student describes the possible solution to the opioid epidemic | • No subdivision in this domain |