Table 1 Injection initiation assistance provision and related factors among people who inject drugs in San Diego, USA; Tijuana, Mexico; and Vancouver, Canada (n = 2113)
Categorical variables | San Diego (N = 347) n (%) | Tijuana (N = 532) n (%) | Vancouver (N = 1234) n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Helped someone initiate injection (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 130 (37.5) | 76 (14.3) | 288 (23.3) |
No | 217 (62.5) | 456 (85.7) | 946 (76.7) |
Gender | |||
Men | 249 (71.8) | 327 (61.5) | 791 (64.1) |
Women | 98 (28.2) | 205 (38.5) | 443 (35.9) |
Housing status | |||
Stable housing | 179 (51.6) | 330 (62.0) | 389 (31.5) |
Other | 168 (48.4) | 202 (38.0) | 845 (68.5) |
Marital status | |||
Married | 41 (11.8) | 245 (46.1) | 171 (13.9) |
Other | 306 (88.2) | 287 (54.0) | 1063 (86.1) |
Non-injected heroin (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 263 (75.9) | 289 (54.3) | – |
No | 84 (24.2) | 243 (45.7) | – |
Non-injected cocaine (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 317 (91.4) | 361 (67.9) | – |
No | 30 (8.7) | 171 (32.1) | – |
Non-injected methamphetamine (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 328 (94.5) | 468 (88.0) | – |
No | 19 (5.48) | 64 (12.03) | – |
Injected heroin (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 298 (85.9) | 531 (99.8) | – |
No | 49 (14.1) | 1 (0.2) | – |
Injected cocaine (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 259 (74.6) | 321 (60.3) | – |
No | 88 (25.4) | 211 (39.7) | – |
Injected methamphetamine (lifetime) | |||
Yes | 309 (89.05) | 471 (88.53) | – |
No | 38 (10.95) | 61 (11.47) | – |
Age (mean years) | 46.84 (SD 11.28) | 41.05 (SD 8.68) | 45.76 (SD 11.62) |
Years since first injection (mean years) | 23.91 (SD 13.12) | 19.90 (SD 9.46) | 23.98 (SD 12.86) |