Table 6 Summary of PWID intravenous drug use behaviors stratified by endocarditis history
From: Risk factors of infective endocarditis in persons who inject drugs
Variable (%) | Control (%) | Case (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Cooker use | |||
 Uses cooker with all drugs | 60 /101 (59.4) | 17/33 (51.5) | 0.43 |
 Uses a Stericup* | 84/102 (84.2) | 14/33 (42.4) | < 0.001 |
 Unknown** cooker type | 12/102 (11.8) | 16/33 (48.5) | < 0.001 |
Heating | |||
 Heats drugs in cookers (any drug) | 70/101 (68.6) | 28/33 (84.2) | 0.07 |
 Always heats hydromorphone-CR | 31/82 (37.8) | 8/30 (26.7) | 0.38 |
 Always or sometimes heats hydromorphone-CR and its subsequent washes | 43/82 (52.4) | 14/30 (46.7) |  |
Preparation | |||
 Soaks drugs before injection | 45/99 (45.5) | 14/30 (46.7) | 0.91 |
 Reuse of hydromorphone-CR for a second wash | 76/102 (74.5) | 29/33 (87.9) | 0.11 |
Filter use | |||
 Cellulose filter used | 97/101 (96.0) | 31/32 (96.9) | 0.83 |
 Cigarette filter used | 84/101 (83.2) | 24/32 (75.0) | 0.30 |
 Reuses filters | 65/102 (63.7) | 20/33 (60.6) | 0.75 |
 Store filter in cooker | 26/102 (25.5) | 21/33 (36.4) | 0.23 |
 Store filter in pockets/body temperature | 31/102 (30.4) | 9/33 (28.1) | 0.81 |
 Shares filters | 18/100 (18.0) | 5/32 (15.6) | 0.90 |
Cleaning | |||
 Cleans skin with alcohol swab before injection | 69/74 (93.2) | 18/20 (90.0) | 0.64 |
 Always cleans with alcohol swab before injection | 33/74 (44.6) | 5/20 (25.0) | 0.13 |
 Always cleans with alcohol swab and heats drug before injection | 49/74 (66.2) | 10/20 (50.0) | 0.29 |
Crushers | |||
 Pill grinder | 16/102 (15.7) | 4/33 (12.1) | `0.78 |
 Lighter | 60/102 (58.8) | 12/33 (36.4) | 0.025 |
 Sharing crushers | 36/97 (37.1) | 14/29 (48.3) | 0.28 |
Needles | |||
 Reuse of needles | 76/102 (74.5) | 23/33 (69.7) | 0.59 |
 Sharing of needles | 24/102 (23.5) | 4/33 (12.1) | 0.16 |
 Reuse of syringe barrel | 68/102 (66.7) | 20/33 (60.6) | 0.52 |