|
Subgroup
|
PWID (N)
|
Studies (N)
|
Pooled HBV prevalence % (%95 CI)
|
I2 (%)
|
|---|
|
Recruitment setting
| | | | |
|
Treatment centre
|
479
|
7
|
7.1 (5.1–9.7)
|
0
|
|
Prisons
|
4740
|
14
|
4.7 (3.4–6.4)
|
79.0
|
|
Community
|
1743
|
4
|
4.5 (1.8–10.2)
|
37.4
|
|
Mixed settings
|
1840
|
4
|
4.3 (1.0–14.6)
|
96.6
|
|
Drop-in centres
|
1003
|
4
|
3.3 (2.3–4.6)
|
0
|
|
Definition of PWID
| | | | |
|
Lifetime
|
4193
|
8
|
3.4 (2.7–4.1)
|
16.6
|
|
Current
|
2670
|
10
|
4.9 (2.8–8.3)
|
89.2
|
|
Unknown
|
2942
|
15
|
5.7 (3.9–8.3)
|
78.6
|
|
Gender
| | | | |
|
Male
|
5621
|
20
|
5.1 (3.3–7.7)
|
92.9
|
|
Female
|
199
|
9
|
2.9 (0.04–17.2)
|
77.5
|
|
Age
| | | | |
|
Older
|
864
|
3
|
5.5 (4.1–7.4)
|
9.6
|
|
Youtha
|
206
|
3
|
1.4 (0.04–4.4)
|
0
|
|
Marital status
| | | | |
|
Marriedb
|
950
|
5
|
4.1 (0.08–18.0)
|
96.2
|
|
Never married
|
1422
|
5
|
3.9 (0.06–19.5)
|
97.0
|
|
Employment status
| | | | |
|
Employed
|
650
|
3
|
9.6 (1.3–44.4)
|
96.3
|
|
Unemployed
|
619
|
3
|
6.7 (0.05–49.7)
|
89.9
|
|
Current residence
| | | | |
|
Not homeless
|
969
|
2
|
14.6 (1.6–63.7)
|
98.6
|
|
Homeless
|
492
|
2
|
12.7 (1.2–63.0)
|
95.7
|
|
Lifetime history of imprisonment
| | | | |
|
No
|
610
|
6
|
1.8 (0.02–12.3)
|
91.1
|
|
Yesc
|
6269
|
20
|
5.2 (3.3–7.9)
|
92.3
|
|
Lifetime sharing needle and syringe
| | | | |
|
No
|
1718
|
7
|
2.9 (0.08–9.3)
|
95.1
|
|
Yes
|
1540
|
7
|
7.0 (2.4–18.3)
|
95.1
|
|
Lifetime sharing needle and syringe in prison
| | | | |
|
No
|
810
|
2
|
9.8 (0.5–70.2)
|
89.6
|
|
Yes
|
154
|
2
|
37.2 (17.1–63.1)
|
75.6
|
|
Ever MSM
| | | | |
|
No
|
601
|
3
|
2.1 (0.07–5.9)
|
67.5
|
|
Yes
|
173
|
3
|
1.1 (0.01–7.3)
|
42.5
|
|
Extramarital relationship
| | | | |
|
No
|
848
|
2
|
5.5 (0.01–76.0)
|
93.8
|
|
Yesd
|
316
|
2
|
10.8 (0.06–68.7)
|
88.2
|
|
Ever tattoo
| | | | |
|
No
|
502
|
4
|
1.7 (0.09–3.4)
|
0
|
|
Yes
|
624
|
4
|
2.9 (1.1–7.5)
|
66.2
|
|
Coinfection
| | | | |
|
HCV, HIV
|
1362
|
4
|
2.9 (1.2–6.5)
|
73.5
|
|
HCV
|
1362
|
4
|
7.0 (3.1–15.3)
|
89.5
|
|
HIV
|
1266
|
3
|
4.7 (1.8–11.6)
|
88.5
|
- aTwo studies defined youth under 25 years old and the other one under 30 years old
- bThree studies only married, two studies married, divorced or widowed
- cIncluding those studies recruiting samples from prisons
- dOne study defined as an extramarital relationship without protection in the last 6 months; the other defined as an ever extramarital relationship
