Table 1 Factors associated with general willingness to receive intravenous buprenorphine treatment in the study sample

Questionnaire

Online

162 (78)

0

Face-to-face

47 (22)

0.97

[0.53; 1.77]

Gender

Male

164 (79)

0

Female

43 (21)

0.75

[0.41; 1.35]

Age

For 1 year

34 [28–41]

0.99

[0.96; 1.02]

Stable housing

No

81 (39)

0

Yes

127 (61)

0.72

[0.43; 1.22]

Employment

No

147 (70)

0

Yes

62 (30)

0.76

[0.44; 1.30]

Duration of opioid use

For 1 year

8 [4–11]

1.01

[0.96; 1.06]

Duration of buprenorphine use

For 1 year

6 [4–10]

1.02

[0.97; 1.07.]

Daily buprenorphine dose

For 1 mg

11 [8–16]

1.04

[1.00; 1.09]

1.05

Daily injection frequency

For 1 injection

3 [2–4]

1.12

[0.98; 1.27]

Buprenorphine non-prescribed

No

187 (93)

0

Yes

13 (7)

3.98

[1.09; 14.47]

[1.30; 17.85]

Main reason for injecting buprenorphine

To get “high”

27 (15)

0

To avoid withdrawal symptoms or to feel good enough for daily functioning

103 (59)

0.96

[0.44; 2.10]

For the pleasure of the act

41 (23)

2.23

[1.08; 4.61]

Other non-opioid drugs used

No

49 (24)

0

Yes

156 (76)

1.03

[0.56; 1.89]

Alcohol use

No

124 (59)

0

Yes

85 (41)

0.99

[0.60; 1.67]

Lifetime number of injection-related complications (0–10)

≤ 5 complications

175 (84)

0

> 5 complications

34 (16)

2.29

[1.08; 4.88]

[1.05; 4.93]

Lifetime history of overdose

No

168 (80)

0

Yes

41 (20)

1.26

[0.65; 2.47]

Self-reported HCV status

No

129 (66)

0

Yes

66 (34)

0.87

[0.50; 1.53]