Table 2 Differences in disabilities and health domains between the sample groups
WHODAS 2.0 variables | Methadone (N = 329) | Buprenorphine (N = 264) | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
None | Mild/moderate | Severe/extreme | None | Mild/moderate | Severe/extreme | ||
D1.1 Concentrating on performing a task for 10 min (%) | 56.4 | 35.4 | 8.2 | 65.7 | 30.2 | 4.2 | 0.029 |
D1.2 Remembering to do important things (%) | 43.3 | 48.5 | 8.2 | 53.2 | 41.1 | 5.7 | 0.046 |
D1.3 Analyzing and finding solutions to problems in day-to-day life (%) | 47.6 | 44.8 | 7.6 | 55.5 | 39.6 | 4.9 | 0.110 |
D1.4 Learning a new task (%) | 65.9 | 30.5 | 3.7 | 76.2 | 21.1 | 2.6 | 0.023 |
D1.5 Generally understanding what people say (%) | 70.1 | 28.4 | 1.5 | 84.5 | 13.6 | 1.9 | < 0.001 |
D1.6 Starting and maintaining a conversation (%) | 72.0 | 25.3 | 2.7 | 77.7 | 20.0 | 2.3 | 0.274 |
Understanding and communication (UAC) (Mean ± SD) | 18.6 ± 18.9 | 13.5 ± 16.3 | < 0.001a | ||||
D2.1 Standing for long periods, such 30 min (%) | 72.9 | 21.6 | 5.5 | 80.4 | 17.7 | 1.9 | 0.029 |
D2.2 Standing up from a sitting position (%) | 75.9 | 22.3 | 1.8 | 80.8 | 17.7 | 1.5 | 0.366 |
D2.3 Moving around inside your home (%) | 83.2 | 15.2 | 1.5 | 88.7 | 11.3 | – | 0.045 |
D2.4 Getting out of your home (%) | 77.4 | 19.5 | 3.0 | 81.9 | 15.8 | 2.3 | 0.407 |
D2.5 Walking a long distance, such as a kilometer (%) | 76.5 | 18.9 | 4.6 | 80.8 | 15.8 | 3.4 | 0.446 |
Getting around (GAR) (Mean ± SD) | 10.7 ± 16.9 | 7.9 ± 16.0 | 0.030a | ||||
D3.1 Washing your whole body (%) | 83.2 | 16.2 | 0.6 | 87.9 | 10.2 | 1.9 | 0.043 |
D3.2 Getting dressed (%) | 87.8 | 11.9 | 0.3 | 90.9 | 7.5 | 1.5 | 0.065 |
D3.3 Eating (%) | 84.1 | 14.0 | 1.8 | 86.4 | 12.1 | 1.5 | 0.741 |
D3.4 Staying by yourself for a few days (%) | 80.8 | 17.7 | 1.5 | 85.7 | 11.3 | 3.0 | 0.052 |
Self-care (SCA) (Mean ± SD) | 7.2 ± 13.3 | 6.0 ± 14.1 | 0.309a | ||||
D4.1 Dealing with people you do not know (%) | 62.8 | 32.6 | 4.6 | 69.8 | 26.4 | 3.8 | 0.201 |
D4.2 Maintaining a friendship (%) | 70.1 | 25.3 | 4.6 | 75.8 | 20.4 | 3.8 | 0.298 |
D4.3 Getting along with people who are closet to you (%) | 82.6 | 15.9 | 1.5 | 83.0 | 16.6 | 0.4 | 0.375 |
D4.4 Making new friends (%) | 59.5 | 33.8 | 6.7 | 66.8 | 25.7 | 7.5 | 0.098 |
D4.5 Sexual activities (%) | 64.6 | 28.7 | 6.7 | 70.6 | 21.1 | 8.3 | 0.103 |
Getting along with people (GAP) (Mean ± SD) | 17.3 ± 20.3 | 14.8 ± 20.4 | 0.152a | ||||
D5.1 Taking care of your household responsibilities (%) | 75.0 | 21.6 | 3.4 | 72.7 | 24.2 | 3.0 | 0.747 |
D5.2 Doing the most important household task well (%) | 79.6 | 17.7 | 2.7 | 76.9 | 21.2 | 1.9 | 0.466 |
D5.3 Getting all of the household work done that you needed to do [N (%)] | 70.4 | 26.5 | 3.0 | 71.2 | 26.1 | 2.7 | 0.951 |
D5.4 Getting your household work done as quickly as needed [N (%)] | 64.0 | 33.5 | 2.4 | 69.7 | 26.9 | 3.4 | 0.192 |
D5.5 Your day-to-day work/school (%) | 77.0 | 22.4 | 0.5 | 76.0 | 19.9 | 4.1 | 0.056 |
D5.6 Doing your most important work/school tasks well (%) | 82.1 | 16.3 | 1.5 | 77.6 | 19.4 | 3.1 | 0.412 |
D5.7 Getting all of the work done that you need to do (%) | 78.6 | 20.4 | 1.0 | 78.6 | 18.4 | 3.1 | 0.331 |
D5.8 Getting your work done as quickly as needed (%) | 73.0 | 25.5 | 1.5 | 73.0 | 24.0 | 3.1 | 0.579 |
Life activities (LAC) (Mean ± SD) | 13.1 ± 20.1 | 13.2 ± 21.0 | 0.981a | ||||
D6.1 Problems joining community activities (%) | 56.4 | 34.8 | 8.8 | 66.3 | 23.5 | 10.2 | 0.012 |
D6.2 Problems because of barriers or hindrances around you (%) | 51.2 | 40.5 | 8.2 | 66.3 | 26.9 | 6.8 | 0.001 |
D6.3 Problems living with dignity because of the attitudes/actions of others (%) | 53.0 | 34.8 | 12.2 | 62.9 | 30.3 | 6.8 | 0.022 |
D6.4 Time spent on one’s health condition or its consequences (%) | 39.9 | 52.4 | 7.6 | 50.4 | 45.1 | 4.5 | 0.025 |
D6.5 Emotionally affected by your health condition (%) | 36.0 | 44.7 | 18.3 | 43.9 | 43.6 | 12.5 | 0.060 |
D6.6 Your heath is a drain on your financial resources (%) | 44.8 | 34.5 | 20.7 | 53.4 | 31.1 | 15.5 | 0.087 |
D6.7 Family problems because of your health problems (%) | 43.0 | 36.3 | 20.7 | 54.5 | 32.2 | 13.3 | 0.009 |
D6.8 Problems performing activities by yourself for relaxation or pleasure (%) | 52.7 | 41.5 | 5.8 | 57.2 | 35.2 | 7.6 | 0.258 |
Participation in society (PSO) (Mean ± SD) | 28.0 ± 22.3 | 22.1 ± 21.5 | 0.001a | ||||
WHODAS 2.0 simple (Mean ± SD) | 54.1 ± 17.3 | 51.2 ± 17.7 | 0.006a | ||||
WHODAS 2.0 complex (Mean ± SD) | 17.1 ± 14.9 | 13.8 ± 14.4 | 0.049a | ||||