Table 3 Overview of the sample demographics in the qualitative studies for assessing perceived risk and dependence
Variables | Focus groups—Perceived risk* [34] (n = 229) | Focus groups—Dependence** [35] | |
|---|---|---|---|
Individuals who were exclusive users of TNPs (n = 19) | Individuals who were poly-users of TNPs (n = 21) | ||
Sex | |||
Male, n (%) | 109 (47.6) | 12 (63.2) | 13 (61.9) |
Female, n (%) | 120 (52.4) | 7 (36.8) | 8 (38.1) |
Age (years), mean ± SD | 39.7 ± 12.7 | 38.0 ± 14.95 | 46.0 ± 11.06 |
18–25 years, n (%) | 34 (14.8) | ||
18–34 years, n (%) | 7 (36.8) | 7 (33.3) | |
26–50 years, n (%) | 136 (59.4) | ||
35–49 years, n (%) | 8 (42.1) | 10 (47.6) | |
51–65 years, n (%) | 59 (25.8) | ||
50 years or more, n (%) | 4 (21.1) | 4 (19.1) | |
Race, n (%) | |||
Caucasian | 12 (63.1) | 8 (38.1) | |
African-American | 4 (21.1) | 8 (38.1) | |
Other | 3 (15.8) | 5 (23.8) | |
Education level, n (%) | |||
High school or lower | 68 (29.7) | 6 (31.6) | 8 (38.1) |
Some college or college degree | 142 (62.0) | 5 (26.3) | 7 (33.3) |
Bachelor degree or beyond | 19 (8.3) | 8 (42.1) | 6 (23.8) |
TNP use status, n (%) | |||
Adult who use TNPs | 19 (100.0) | 21 (100.0) | |
Cigarettes | 5 (12.5) | 17 (81.0) | |
Cigars/cigarillos | 4 (10.0) | 9 (42.9) | |
E-cigarettes | 5 (12.5) | 13 (61.9) | |
Smokeless tobacco | 5 (12.5) | 10 (47.6) | |
Others (pipe, waterpipe, and NRTs) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (10.0) | |
Adults who smoke and with no intention to quit | 71 (31.0) | ||
Adults who smoke and motivated to quit | 39 (17.0) | ||
Adult who used to smoke | 62 (27.1) | ||
Adult who never smoked | 57 (24.9) | ||