Table 4 Factors independently associated with past year overdose among RACK study participants, Massachusetts, 2017–2019
Variable | aORa | 95% CIb | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female vs male (ref) | 1.01 | 0.74–1.37 | 0.955 |
Race | Hispanic vs NHc white (ref) | 0.54 | 0.31–0.92 | 0.024 |
NH other vs NH white (ref) | 0.79 | 0.47–1.34 | 0.378 | |
NH black vs NH white (ref) | 1.07 | 0.90–1.28 | 0.460 | |
Age | Less than 30 years vs more than 45 years (ref) | 1.31 | 0.67–2.55 | 0.435 |
30–45 years vs more than 45 years (ref) | 1.01 | 0.48–2.13 | 0.974 | |
Education | High school or more vs less than HS (ref) | 0.88 | 0.45–1.72 | 0.701 |
Housed | Yes vs no (ref) | 0.98 | 0.68–1.41 | 0.903 |
Have naloxone/Narcan | Yes vs no (ref) | 0.93 | 0.63–1.37 | 0.710 |
Drug use route: inject | Yes vs no (ref) | 2.63 | 1.57–4.4 | < 0.001 |
Substance use in the last 30-days | ||||
Crack | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.17 | 0.84–1.63 | 0.356 |
Cocaine | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.06 | 0.63–1.76 | 0.83 |
Methadone | Yes vs no (ref) | 0.42 | 0.30–0.59 | < .0001 |
Rxd Buprenorphine | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.13 | 0.78–1.64 | 0.515 |
Non-Rx Buprenorphine | Yes vs no (ref) | 2.10 | 1.23–3.56 | 0.006 |
Amphetamine | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.18 | 0.62–2.22 | 0.619 |
Benzodiazepine | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.64 | 1.14–2.37 | 0.008 |
Fentanyl | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.55 | 1.08–2.22 | 0.018 |
Heroin | Yes vs no (ref) | 1.91 | 1.05–3.46 | 0.033 |
Marijuana | Yes vs no (ref) | 0.73 | 0.39–1.37 | 0.323 |