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Table 4 Content analysis thematic results, by race/ethnicity and tobacco use trajectory

From: “It is the One Thing that has Worked”: facilitators and barriers to switching to nicotine salt pod system e-cigarettes among African American and Latinx people who smoke: a content analysis

 

African American/Kansas City

Latinx/San Diego

All

N (%)

Exclusive JUUL Use

N (%)

Dual JUUL and Cigarette Use

N (%)

Continued Cigarette Use

N (%)

All

N (%)

Exclusive JUUL use

N (%)

Dual JUUL and Cigarette Use

N (%)

Continued Cigarette Use

N (%)

Liked

n items = 99

n items = 30

n items = 57

n items = 12

n items = 82

n items = 25

n items = 46

n items = 11

Clean/smell

25 (25.3%)

10 (33.3%)

13 (22.8%)

2 (16.7%)

17 (20.7%)

8 (32.0%)

6 (13.0%)

3 (27.3%)

Convenience

22 (22.2%)

5 (16.7%)

14 (24.6%)

3 (25.0%)

13 (15.9%)

4 (16.0%)

8 (17.4%)

1 (9.1%)

Health

13 (13.1%)

8 (26.7%)

5 (8.8%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (9.8%)

3 (12.0%)

4 (8.7%)

1 (9.1%)

Cost

13 (13.1%)

1 (3.3%)

10 (17.5%)

2 (16.7%)

3 (3.7%)

1 (4.0%)

1 (2.2%)

1 (9.1%)

Taste

11 (11.1%)

3 (10.0%)

6 (10.5%)

2 (16.7%)

11 (13.4%)

2 (8.0%)

8 (17.4%)

1 (9.1%)

Subjective effects

6 (6.1%)

1 (3.3%)

5 (8.8%)

0 (0.0%)

5 (6.1%)

1 (4.0%)

4 (8.7%)

0 (0.0%)

Cravings/cessation

5 (5.1%)

2 (6.7%)

3 (5.3%)

0 (0.0%)

7 (8.5%)

3 (12.0%)

2 (4.3%)

2 (18.2%)

Nothing

2 (2.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (16.7%)

1 (1.2%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (9.1%)

Social

2 (2.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (1.8%)

1 (8.3%)

7 (8.5%)

0 (0.0%)

7 (15.2%)

0 (0.0%)

Use anywherea

    

10 (12.2%)

3 (12.0%)

6 (13.0%)

1 (9.1%)

Helped

n items = 63

n items = 16

n items = 38

n items = 9

n items = 66

n items = 22

n items = 37

n items = 7

Self-regulation/motivation

20 (31.7%)

6 (37.5%)

12 (31.6%)

2 (22.2%)

14 (21.2%)

5 (22.7%)

8 (21.6%)

1 (14.3%)

Nothing/NA

17 (27.0%)

1 (6.3%)

10 (26.3%)

6 (66.7%)

2 (3.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.7%)

1 (14.3%)

Cravings/cessation

4 (6.3%)

2 (12.5%)

2 (5.3%)

0 (0.0%)

4 (6.1%)

2 (9.1%)

2 (5.4%)

0 (0.0%)

Health

3 (4.8%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (5.3%)

1 (11.1%)

7 (10.6%)

1 (4.5%)

5 (13.5%)

1 (14.3%)

Convenience

2 (3.2%)

1 (6.3%)

1 (2.6%)

0 (0.0%)

9 (13.6%)

4 (18.2%)

4 (10.8%)

1 (14.3%)

Social

1 (1.6%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.6%)

0 (0.0%

5 (7.6%)

3 (13.6%)

1 (2.7%)

1 (14.3%)

Cost

1 (1.6%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.6%)

0 (0.0%)

6 (9.1%)

4 (18.2%)

1 (2.7%)

1 (14.3%)

Program support

1 (1.6%)

1 (6.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (12.1%)

1 (4.5%)

7 (18.9%)

0 (0.0%)

Practiceb

13 (20.6%)

4 (25.0%)

9 (23.7%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Subjective experienceb

1 (1.6%)

1 (6.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Flavora

    

7 (10.6%)

1 (4.5%)

5 (13.5%)

1 (14.3%)

Smella

    

2 (3.0%)

1 (4.5%)

1 (2.7%)

0 (0.0%)

Othera

    

2 (3.0%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (5.4%)

0 (0.0%)

Not liked

n items = 67

n items = 17

n items = 41

n items = 9

n items = 58

n items = 16

n items = 35

n items = 7

Nothing

23 (34.3%)

9 (52.9%)

14 (34.1%)

0 (0.0%)

17 (29.3%)

8 (50.0%)

8 (22.9%)

1 (14.3%)

Side effects (coughing/harshness)

23 (34.3%)

3 (17.6%)

14 (34.1%)

6 (66.7%)

7 (12.1%)

2 (12.5%)

2 (5.7%)

3 (42.9%)

Mechanical issues—pods

6 (9.0%)

1 (5.9%)

4 (9.8%)

1 (11.1%)

6 (10.3%)

1 (6.3%)

5 (14.3%)

0 (0.0%)

Inconvenienceb

7 (10.4%)

1 (5.9%)

5 (12.2%)

1 (11.1%)

    

Shapeb

4 (6.0%)

2 (11.8%)

2 (4.9%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Tasteb

3 (4.5%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (4.9%)

1 (11.1%)

    

Learning to useb

1 (1.5%)

1 (5.9%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

    

User issuesa

    

8 (13.8%)

1 (6.3%)

7 (20.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Mechanical issues—batterya

    

8 (13.8%)

3 (18.8%)

4 (11.4%)

1 (14.3%)

Comparabilitya

    

7 (12.1%)

0 (0.0%)

6 (17.1%)

1 (14.3%)

Nicotine exposurea

    

4 (6.9%)

1 (6.3%)

2 (5.7%)

1 (14.3%)

Costa

    

1 (1.7%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.9%)

0 (0.0%)

Difficult

n items = 62

n items = 17

n items = 36

n items = 9

n items = 55

n items = 16

n items = 32

n items = 7

Side effects

27 (43.5%)

3 (17.6%)

18 (50.0%)

6 (66.7%)

5 (9.1%)

1 (6.3%)

2 (6.3%)

2 (28.6%)

Nothing

24 (38.7%)

11 (64.7%)

11 (30.6%)

2 (22.2%)

24 (43.6%)

9 (56.3%)

13 (40.6%)

2 (28.6%)

Comparability

2 (3.2%)

1 (5.9%)

1 (2.8%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (14.5%)

0 (0.0%)

7 (21.9%)

1 (14.3%)

Other

1 (1.6%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.8%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (3.6%)

1 (6.3%)

1 (3.1%)

0 (0.0%)

Tasteb

2 (3.2%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.8%)

1 (11.1%)

    

Readiness to quitb

2 (3.2%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (5.6%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Strength/nicotine intensityb

2 (3.2%)

1 (5.9%)

1 (2.8%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Mechanical issues—podsb

1 (1.6%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.8%)

0 (0.0%)

    

Learning to useb

1 (1.6%)

1 (5.9%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

    

User issuesa

    

6 (10.9%)

1 (6.3%)

3 (9.4%)

2 (28.6%)

Craving for cigarettesa

    

6 (10.9%)

2 (12.5%)

4 (12.5%)

0 (0.0%)

Sociala

    

3 (5.5%)

2 (12.5%)

1 (3.1%)

0 (0.0%)

Costa

    

1 (1.8%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.1%)

0 (0.0%)

  1. Table displays content analysis thematic results for responses to what participants liked about using ECs, what helped participants with switching to ECs, what participants did not like about using ECs, and what made switching to ECs difficult. Results are reported by race/ethnicity and tobacco use trajectory
  2. aTheme is unique to Lx/San Diego sample
  3. bTheme is unique to AA/Kansas City sample