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Table 3 Approval of treatment as an alternative to arrest and beliefs about addiction and treatment (1–6 Likert scale) (N = 173)

From: Police discretion in encounters with people who use drugs: operationalizing the theory of planned behavior

 

Mean (SD)

Very likely (1)

Likely (1–3)

Unlikely (4–6)

Not at all likely (6)

Supervisors would approve of referrals

2.64 (1.65)

60 (35%)

130 (75%)

43 (25%)

18 (10%)

Coworkers would approve of referrals

2.67 (1.58)

50 (29%)

131 (76%)

42 (24%)

17 (10%)

Friends/neighbors would approve of referrals

2.67 (1.53)

49 (28%)

128 (74%)

45 (26%)

12 (7%)

Referrals to treatment reduce future arrests

2.83 (1.30)

29 (17%)

134 (77%)

39 (23%)

10 (6%)

Referrals to treatment increase trust in police

2.69 (1.32)

36 (21%)

139 (80%)

34 (20%)

8 (5%)

 

Mean (SD)

Strongly agree (1)

Agree (1–3)

Disagree (4–6)

Strongly disagree (6)

People who become addicted to opioids are to blame for their own condition

3.22 (1.30)

15 (9%)

112 (65%)

61 (35%)

12 (7%)

People who are addicted to opioids won’t hesitate to lie when it benefits their addiction

2.35 (1.53)

66 (38%)

138 (80%)

35 (20%)

11 (6%)

I would worry about a person in recovery for opioid addiction taking care of my family’ s children for a few hours

2.66 (1.67)

65 (38%)

126 (73%)

47 (27%)

17 (10%)

People become addicted to opioids because they lack the willpower to stop before it’s too late

3.76 (1.55)

16 (9%)

81 (47%)

92 (53%)

29 (17%)

Opioid/heroin users will use more opioids/heroin if they know they have access to naloxone

3.44 (1.57)

22 (13%)

96 (55%)

77 (45%)

25 (14%)

Harm reduction services that distribute items such as syringes and naloxone condone a person’s addiction

3.83 (1.63)

18 (10%)

76 (44%)

97 (56%)

39 (23%)

There should be a limit on the number of times one person receives naloxone to reverse an overdose

4.39 (1.75)

16 (9%)

56 (32%)

117 (68%)

76 (44%)

Everyone at risk of experiencing or witnessing an overdose should be given a supply of naloxone

2.56 (1.54)

57 (33%)

135 (78%)

38 (22%)

12 (7%)

People can successfully overcome an opioid addiction

2.14 (1.23

65 (38%)

155 (90%)

17 (10%)

6 (3%)

An officer who completed treatment for addiction to prescription opioid pills could be trusted to return to duty

2.90 (1.22)

22 (13%)

127 (73%)

46 (27%)

4 (2%)