| Pre-Maria (2016) interview, % | Post-Maria (2019) interview, % | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Socioeconomic | Â | Â | Â |
Homelessness, current | 10.9 | 12.5 | 0.754 |
Monthly job income, $ | Â | Â | 0.005 |
 None | 18.5 | 29.2 |  |
 1–299 | 27.7 | 40.0 |  |
 300–699 | 29.2 | 15.4 |  |
 700+ | 24.6 | 15.4 |  |
Unemployed or disabled | 81.8 | 71.2 | 0.039 |
Uninsured | 13.6 | 16.7 | 0.581 |
Unable to receive needed medical care due to cost or access | 16.7 | 6.1 | 0.057 |
Drug use/injection practices | Â | Â | Â |
Injection frequency | Â | Â | 0.044 |
 Monthly or less | 3.0 | 22.7 |  |
 Between daily and monthly | 13.6 | 12.1 |  |
 1–3×/daily | 40.9 | 31.8 |  |
 4–7×/daily | 33.3 | 16.7 |  |
 8×/daily+ | 9.1 | 16.7 |  |
Daily injection of | Â | Â | Â |
 Heroin with cocaine | 68.2 | 54.6 | 0.064 |
 Xylazine with cocaine | 0.0 | 1.5 | – |
 Heroin alone | 15.4 | 21.5 | 0.227 |
 Powder cocaine alone | 7.6 | 7.6 | – |
 Crack cocaine | 1.5 | 0.0 | – |
 Buprenorphine | 1.5 | 0.0 | – |
New needle use, mostly or always | 76.9 | 55.4 | 0.008 |
Use of needle someone else had used, half of the time or more | 3.0 | 3.0 | – |
Sharing cooker/cotton/water, half of the time or more | 53.9 | 30.8 | 0.002 |
Weekly non-injection use of: | Â | Â | Â |
 Cannabis | 24.2 | 42.4 | 0.007 |
 Crack cocaine | 29.2 | 33.9 | 0.424 |
 Powder cocaine | 10.6 | 4.6 | 0.180 |
 Benzodiazepines | 25.8 | 42.4 | 0.008 |
 Prescription opioids | 9.1 | 7.6 | 0.754 |
 Heroin | 4.6 | 10.8 | 0.180 |
 Buprenorphine (from the street) | 7.6 | 10.6 | 0.549 |
Weekly “binge drinking” | 19.7 | 24.2 | 0.454 |
Treatment Utilization | Â | Â | Â |
Participated in drug treatment | 43.9 | 50.0 | 0.383 |
Tried to enter treatment but unable | 18.2 | 18.2 | – |