Table 1 Socio-demographics, drug use-related characteristics, as well as attitudes and experiences with illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) contamination of methamphetamine (NPF/meth) (N = 91)
Variables | N or Mean | % or Standard deviation |
|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||
Female | 48 | 52.7% |
Age (years, mean, SD) | 42.4 | 10.6 |
Non-Hispanic White | 87 | 95.6% |
Homeless (ever) | 83 | 91.2% |
Methamphetamine (meth) and other drug use | ||
Age of first meth use (mean, SD) | 30.8 | 11.2 |
Days of meth use, past 30 days (mean, SD) | 18.7 | 9.1 |
Meth injection (primary route of use, past 30 days) | 39 | 54.4% |
IMF and/or heroin use, past 30 days | 57 | 62.6% |
Cocaine and/or crack use, past 30 days | 47 | 51.6% |
Non-prescribed benzodiazepine use, past 30 days | 36 | 39.6% |
Overdose (OD) | ||
Ever experienced OD | 70 | 76.9% |
Perceived risk of opioid OD, past 30 days: | ||
None | 35 | 38.5% |
Little | 13 | 14.3% |
Moderate | 13 | 14.3% |
Somewhat High | 9 | 9.9% |
High | 21 | 23.1% |
Use of harm reduction | ||
Ever obtained take-home naloxone | 76 | 83.5% |
Ever used fentanyl testing strips | 17 | 18.7% |
IMF contamination of methamphetamine (IMF/meth) | ||
Views: IMF/meth is common1 | 65 | 71.4% |
Ever obtained/used IMF/meth | 54 | 59.3% |
How knew that meth was contaminated with IMF2 | N = 54 | |
The way it made them feel | 44 | 81.5% |
The way it looked | 11 | 20.4% |
Taste | 17 | 31.5% |
Smell | 6 | 11.1% |
Drug testing (e.g., urine testing by a treatment provider) | 16 | 29.6% |
Dealer told me | 4 | 7.4% |
Other people told me | 11 | 20.4% |
Other | 3 | 6.8% |
Toxicology-identified cases of unknown IMF exposures | ||
Unknown IMF exposure, no reported past 3-day use of IMF | 16 | 18.0% |
Unknown IMF exposure, no reported past 30-day use of IMF | 10 | 11.2% |