Table 4 Socio-demographic and drug use characteristics associated toxicology-identified cases of unknown IMF exposure in a community-recruited sample of persons who use methamphetamine (N = 89)
Variables | Test positive for IMF but report no use of IMF in the past 3 days n (%) or mean (SD) | Test positive for IMF but report no use of IMF or heroin in the past 30 days n (%) or mean (SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes N = 16 | No N = 73 | ANOVA or Chi-Squared, p value | Yes N = 10 | No N = 79 | ANOVA or Chi-Squared, p value | |
Age | 48.1 (6.5) | 40.7 (10.8) | 0.001^ | 49.9 (6.9)) | 41.1 (10.5) | 0.003^ |
Females | 11 (68.8%) | 36 (49.3%) | 0.158 | 7 (70%) | 40 (50.6%) | 0.323# |
Ever homeless | 15 (93.8%) | 68 (93.2%) | 1.000# | 9 (90.0%) | 74 (93.7%) | 0.522# |
Unemployed | 10 (62.5%) | 55 (75.3%) | 0.354 | 5 (50.0%) | 60 (75.9%) | 0.081 |
Days of meth use, past 30 days | 21.9 (8.1) | 18.0 (9.2) | 0.098^ | 24.4 (7.7) | 18.0 (9.0) | 0.030^ |
Injection as primary admin of meth, past 30 days | 7 (43.8%) | 32 (43.8%) | 0.995 | 3 (30.0%) | 36 (45.6%) | 0.503# |
Days of heroin use, past 30 days | 4.1 (8.7) | 11.2 (12.9) | 0.040^ | 0.0 (0.0) | 11.2 (12.8) | |
Days of IMF use, past 30 days | 0.9 (2.4) | 15.3 (13.3) | < 0.001^ | 0.0 (0.0) | 14.3 (13.2) | |
Days of powder cocaine use, past 30 days | 0.3 (0.8) | 3.2 (6.6) | 0.035^ | 0.1 (0.3) | 3.0 (6.4) | 0.034^ |
Days of crack cocaine use, past 30 days | 1.2 (3.3) | 3.5 (7.3) | 0.067^ | 0.7 (1.9) | 3.4 (7.1) | 0.151^ |
Ever experienced an overdose | 10 (62.5%) | 58 (79.5%) | 0.148 | 8 (80.0%) | 60 (75.9%) | 1.000# |
Perceived risk of opioid overdose (0-none to 4-high), past 30 days | 0.8 (1.4) | 1.9 (1.6) | 0.011^ | 0.1 (0.3) | 1.9 (1.6) | < 0.001^ |
Ever obtained take-home naloxone | 12 (75.0%) | 63 (86.3%) | 0.269# | 8 (80.0%) | 67 (84.8%) | 0.654# |
Ever used fentanyl testing strips | 4 (25.0%) | 13 (17.8%) | 0.497# | 3 (30.0%) | 14 (17.7%) | 0.395# |
Views: Meth contamination with IMF is common | 10 (62.5%) | 55 (75.3%) | 0.294 | 7 (70.0%) | 58 (73.4%) | 1.000# |
Ever obtained/used meth contaminated with IMF | 10 (62.5%) | 44 (60.3%) | 0.869 | 6 (60.0%) | 48 (60.8%) | 1.000# |