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  1. With many drug-related deaths driven by potent synthetic opioids tainting the illicit drug supply, drug checking services are becoming a key harm reduction strategy. Many drug checking technologies are availab...

    Authors: Chloe Grace Rose, A. Simon Pickard, Victoria Kulbokas, Stacey Hoferka, Kaitlyn Friedman, Jennifer Epstein and Todd A. Lee
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:151
  2. Recent policies have lessened restrictions around prescribing buprenorphine-naloxone (buprenorphine) for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). The primary concern expressed by critics of these policies i...

    Authors: Joëlla W. Adams, Michael Duprey, Sazid Khan, Jessica Cance, Donald P. Rice and Georgiy Bobashev
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:150
  3. Drug consumption rooms (DCRs) have been developed in cities with open drug scenes, with the aim to reduce drug-related harm. In Lyon, France's second-largest city, there is no distinct drug use area, which rai...

    Authors: Mathieu Chappuy, Philippe Lack, Baptiste David, Gilles Penavayre, Damien Thabourey, Maira Landulpho, Anthony Plasse, Christophe Icard, François Bailly, Faroudja Boutahra, Pierre Pradat, Marianne Maynard, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Julia de Ternay and Benjamin Rolland
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:149
  4. Despite law enforcement and health interventions, open drug scenes have led to problems in many countries. The problems are, however, insufficiently explored. There are different types of drug scenes in Iran. ...

    Authors: Sahar Eshrati, MohammadBagher Saberizafarghandi, Meroe Vameghi, Reza Arezoomandan, Hadi Ranjbar, Thomas Clausen and Helge Waal
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:148
  5. Flavored e-cigarettes remain a controversial topic with regulators planning or already implementing restrictions worldwide. In this study, we examined patterns of flavor use in e-cigarettes among a convenience...

    Authors: Konstantinos Farsalinos, Christopher Russell, Riccardo Polosa, Konstantinos Poulas, George Lagoumintzis and Anastasia Barbouni
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:147
  6. Social work with people who use drugs (PWUD) has traditionally focused on abstinence and rehabilitation. In recent years, harm reduction has gained an increasingly more important role in social work with PWUD,...

    Authors: Torkel Richert, Anke Stallwitz and Johan Nordgren
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:146
  7. Most people who inject drugs (PWID) in Iran have not undergone recent HIV testing. While PWID face barriers when seeking HIV testing at health facilities, HIV self-testing (HIVST) could be a promising approach...

    Authors: Mehrdad Khezri, Emily Goldmann, Fatemeh Tavakoli, Mohammad Karamouzian, Mostafa Shokoohi, Soheil Mehmandoost, Nima Ghalekhani, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Don Des Jarlais, Ali Mirzazadeh and Hamid Sharifi
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:145
  8. Over 109,000 people in the USA died from a drug overdose in 2022. More alarming is the amount of drug overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone (SOOM), primarily fentanyl. From 2015 to 2...

    Authors: Shawkut Amaan Ali, Jasmine Shell, Raymond Harris and Marshall Bedder
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:144
  9. E-cigarettes (electronic nicotine delivery system, ENDS) have been presented as a harm reduction strategy for people who smoke tobacco cigarettes but who cannot achieve abstinence, or for those who wish to con...

    Authors: Maria Ahmed Qureshi, Robin W. M. Vernooij, Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Riccardo Polosa and Renee O’Leary
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:143

    The Correction to this article has been published in Harm Reduction Journal 2024 21:60

  10. Due to concerns over potential interactions between some hepatitis C direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and opioids, we describe adverse event (AE) reports of concomitant use of opioids and DAAs.

    Authors: Anthony Martinez, Tipu Khan, Douglas E. Dylla, John Marcinak, Michelle Collins, Brad Saget and Brian Conway
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:142
  11. Xylazine has emerged as a consistent part of the unregulated drug supply in recent months. We discuss major domains of xylazine’s harm, current knowledge deficits, clinical and harm reduction strategies for mi...

    Authors: Claire M. Zagorski, Rebecca A. Hosey, Christopher Moraff, Aaron Ferguson, Mary Figgatt, Shoshana Aronowitz, Natalie E. Stahl, Lucas G. Hill, Zoe McElligott and Nabarun Dasgupta
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:141

    The Correction to this article has been published in Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:170

  12. Permanent supportive housing is an effective intervention for stably housing most people experiencing homelessness and mental illness who have complex support needs. However, high-risk behaviours and challenge...

    Authors: Nick Kerman, Sean A. Kidd, Christina Mutschler, John Sylvestre, Benjamin F. Henwood, Abe Oudshoorn, Carrie Anne Marshall, Tim Aubry and Vicky Stergiopoulos
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:140
  13. The intersection of dual public health emergencies—the COVID-19 pandemic and the drug toxicity crisis—has led to an urgent need for acute care based harm reduction for unregulated opioid use. Emergency Departm...

    Authors: Sunny Jiao, Vicky Bungay, Emily Jenkins and Marilou Gagnon
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:139
  14. Overdose prevention sites (OPS) are evidence-based interventions to improve public health, yet implementation has been limited in the USA due to a variety of legal impediments. Studies in various US settings h...

    Authors: Kristin E. Schneider, Glenna J. Urquhart, Saba Rouhani, Sean T. Allen, Miles Morris and Susan G. Sherman
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:138
  15. To prevent the transmission of blood-borne infections and reach the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) has set the goal to distribute 300 sterile needles and syringes e...

    Authors: Franziska Hommes, Amrei Krings, Achim Dörre, Esther Neumeier, Dirk Schäffer and Ruth Zimmermann
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:137
  16. Opioid relapse, one of the common and severe problems during methadone maintenance treatment, can give rise to poor treatment outcomes. This study measured the opioid relapse rate and its associated factors am...

    Authors: Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen and Dai Xuan Dinh
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:136
  17. Meaningful engagement and partnerships with people who use drugs are essential to conducting research that is relevant and impactful in supporting desired outcomes of drug consumption as well as reducing drug-...

    Authors: Phoenix Beck McGreevy, Shawn Wood, Erica Thomson, Charlene Burmeister, Heather Spence, Josh Pelletier, Willow Giesinger, Jenny McDougall, Rebecca McLeod, Abby Hutchison, Kurt Lock, Alexa Norton, Brittany Barker, Karen Urbanoski, Amanda Slaunwhite, Bohdan Nosyk…
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:135
  18. Opioid use disorder (OUD) poses significant public health problems that have increased dramatically, resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality.

    Authors: Rozner Lihi, Delayahu Yael, Brill Silviu, Sason Anat, Weinstein Marsha, Shoshan Stacy, Schreiber Shaul, Adelson Miriam and Peles Einat
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:134
  19. Syringe service programs (SSPs) provide tools to people who inject drugs (PWID) to prevent overdose, reduce the risk of HIV and HCV infection, and reduce injection frequency. While effective, previous research...

    Authors: Katheryn Salow, Helen E. Jack, Joe Tinsley, Caleb J. Banta-Green, Susan Kingston, Matthew Iles-Shih, Judith I. Tsui and Sara Glick
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:133
  20. Little is known about perceptions, use intentions, and behaviors of adults regarding nicotine gum that is marketed and regulated as a consumer product rather than as a medicinal nicotine replacement therapy (N...

    Authors: Cheryl K. Olson, Neil Sherwood, Maia Berkane, Karin Gilligan and Willie J. McKinney Jr.
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:132
  21. The French Addictovigilance network has observed the existence of the intravenous use of oral morphine capsules among people suffering from opioid use disorders. According to persons who inject morphine, these...

    Authors: Célian Bertin, Philémon Dècle, Pierre Chappard, Perrine Roux and Nicolas Authier
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:130
  22. Safe Spaces are a harm reduction approach commonly utilised in nightlife and festival settings to address alcohol and other drug-related harms. Despite increasing use, there has been little independent evaluat...

    Authors: Phillip Wadds, Christopher M. Doran, Anthony Shakeshaft and Dam Anh Tran
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:129
  23. The unintentional consumption of fentanyl is a serious health risk for people who use illicit drugs. In an ongoing community-based study regarding polysubstance use among people who use opioids, we found that ...

    Authors: Jennifer Lorvick, Jordana L. Hemberg, Madeleine J. George, Joy R. Piontak and Megan L. Comfort
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:128
  24. Emerging adults have the highest cannabis consumption rates in Canada and are among the most vulnerable to cannabis-related harms. Since certain cannabis consumption behaviours carry greater risks of harm, the...

    Authors: Isobel McMahon, Laura M. Harris-Lane, Jennifer Donnan, Lisa Bishop and Nick Harris
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:127
  25. Housing environments shape injection drug-related risks and harms and thus represent a critical implementation setting for syringe services programs (SSPs). As critical harm reduction measures, SSPs provide sa...

    Authors: Koharu Loulou Chayama, Cara Ng, Taylor Fleming, Will Small, Kimberly L. Sue and Ryan McNeil
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:126
  26. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are disproportionately impacted by blood-borne viruses (BBVs) and sexually transmissible infections (STIs). Stigma remains one of the key barriers to testing a...

    Authors: Elena Cama, Kim Beadman, Mitch Beadman, Kerri-Anne Smith, Jade Christian, Aunty Clair Jackson, Beverley Tyson, Clayton Anderson, Larissa Smyth, Jennifer Heslop, Gary Gahan, Victor Tawil, Felicity Sheaves, Louise Maher, Julie Page, Donna Tilley…
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:125

    The Correction to this article has been published in Harm Reduction Journal 2024 21:34

  27. The opioid epidemic continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. In 2020, 83% of opioid-related overdose deaths were due to synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl. Drug checking servi...

    Authors: Chloe Grace Rose, Victoria Kulbokas, Emir Carkovic, Todd A. Lee and A. Simon Pickard
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:124
  28. People with substance use disorder are at risk of complications of drug use and frequent hospitalization and may continue to use substances during admission to acute care. Acute care harm reduction strategies ...

    Authors: Casey Wigg, Amy Nolen, Lisa Jauhal and Malika Sharma
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:123
  29. The expanded capacity of syringe services programs (SSPs) in the USA to integrate telehealth services was largely related to flexibility of buprenorphine prescription in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. SSPs...

    Authors: Tyler S. Bartholomew, Hansel E. Tookes, Teresa A. Chueng, Ricky N. Bluthenthal, Lynn D. Wenger, Alex H. Kral and Barrot H. Lambdin
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:122
  30. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is used at disproportionately high rates within sexuality and gender diverse communities and carries a high risk of overdose. GHB overdose can result in death. Internationally, rece...

    Authors: Jack Freestone, Nadine Ezard, Adam Bourne, Jonathan Brett, Darren M. Roberts, Mohamed Hammoud, Anthony Nedanoski, Garrett Prestage and Krista J. Siefried
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:121
  31. Problem opioid use and opioid-related drug overdoses remain a major public health concern despite attempts to reduce and monitor opioid prescriptions and increase access to office-based opioid treatment. Curre...

    Authors: Patrick Kaminski, Brea L. Perry and Harold D. Green Jr.
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:120
  32. The Russian war in Ukraine poses many risks for the spread of HIV, TB and associated conditions, including possible increases in the numbers of people who inject drugs or engage in sex work in the years ahead....

    Authors: Samuel R. Friedman, Pavlo Smyrnov and Tetyana I. Vasylyeva
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:119
  33. Several jurisdictions in Canada have recently considered decriminalizing possession of illicit drugs for personal use (henceforth, simple possession) as part of their responses to the ongoing drug toxicity/ove...

    Authors: Kanna Hayashi, Tyson Singh Kelsall, Caitlin Shane, Zishan Cui, M.-J. Milloy, Kora DeBeck and Thomas Kerr
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:117
  34. Youth (ages 12–24) rarely access services and supports to address substance use concerns. Peer support can facilitate service engagement and has been associated with positive substance use recovery outcomes in...

    Authors: Roxanne Turuba, Ciara Toddington, Miranda Tymoschuk, Anurada Amarasekera, Amanda Madeleine Howard, Violet Brockmann, Corinne Tallon, Sarah Irving, Steve Mathias, J. L. Henderson and Skye Barbic
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:118
  35. Experiences of stigma and discrimination can act as a significant barrier to testing, monitoring, and treatment for hepatitis B virus (HBV). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are a population d...

    Authors: Elena Cama, Mitch Beadman, Kim Beadman, Max Hopwood and Carla Treloar
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:116

    The Correction to this article has been published in Harm Reduction Journal 2024 21:8

  36. Khat is an amphetamine-like plant, produced and commonly chewed in Ethiopia by a large group of the population. Although significant multidimensional harms of khat use have been reported, currently, there are ...

    Authors: Kassahun Habtamu, Solomon Teferra and Awoke Mihretu
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:115
  37. Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) among people who inject drugs (PWID) are a public health concern. This study aimed to co-produce and assess the acceptability and feasibility of a behavioural interventio...

    Authors: Joanna Kesten, Deborah Hussey, Catherine Lord, Leonie Roberts, James Bayliss, Helen Erswell, Andrew Preston, Maggie Telfer, Jenny Scott, Magdalena Harris, Dominic Mellon, Matthew Hickman, Georgie MacArthur and Harriet Fisher
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:114
  38. E-cigarettes can potentially be a harm reduction pathway for adults who smoke and who are seeking to make the complete switch from cigarettes. However, often people who smoke believe that e-cigarettes are just...

    Authors: Sherri Jean Katz, Elisia Cohen and Dorothy Hatsukami
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:113
  39. The messages used to communicate about harm reduction are critical in garnering public support for adoption of harm reduction interventions. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of harm reduction interventio...

    Authors: Sarah A. White, Rachel Lee, Alene Kennedy-Hendricks, Susan G. Sherman and Emma E. McGinty
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:112
  40. Many people with high-risk sexual or injection behaviors use harm reduction services with different identities and are therefore counted more than once in client databases. This practice results in inaccurate ...

    Authors: Fatemeh Tavakoli, Willi Mcfarland, Nima Ghalekhani, Mehrdad Khezri, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Marzieh Mahboobi, Ali Mohammad Hosseionpour, Ali Komasi, Mehdi Ghorbanian, Nasim Nasiri Moghadam, Maryam Taghipour and Hamid Sharifi
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:111
  41. The opioid crisis continues in full force, as physicians and caregivers are desperate for resources to help patients with opioid use and chronic pain disorders find safer and more accessible non-opioid tools.

    Authors: Krista Hammaker, Nathaniel Weathington, Joseph Maroon, Lawton W. Tang, Brian Donohue, Rachel Yehuda, Kenneth M. Ford, Myro Figura, Ben Kelmendi, Belinda Tan, Matthew W. Cook, Steven D. Factor, Laura Lagano, Henry Patrick Driscoll, Adam S. Howe, EunBit G. Cho…
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:110
  42. Authors: Ilhame Anwar, Cécile Donadille, Camelia Protopopescu, David Michels, Joris Herin, Adélaïde Pladys, Danièle Bader, Patrizia Carrieri and Perrine Roux
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:109

    The original article was published in Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:98

  43. Few studies have analyzed harm reduction behaviors and attitudes among rave party attendees. Since the late 1980s, there has been a large Israeli rave scene, also known as 'Nature Parties'. However, only a few...

    Authors: Hagit Bonny-Noach, Barak Shapira, Pinchas Baumol, Nir Tadmor, Paola Rosca, Stacy Shoshan, Yossi Harel-Fisch and Ariel Caduri
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:108
  44. Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling is a common harm reduction tool in individuals with a gambling disorder. Previous data have demonstrated that many gamblers breach their own self-exclusion, typically thr...

    Authors: A. Håkansson and N. Komzia
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:107
  45. Drug consumption rooms offer heroin and cocaine consumers a secure and hygienic environment including medical and social guidance. Despite the support and mentoring, only sparse information is available about ...

    Authors: Georges Dahm, Karin Roschel, Claude Marson, Adèle Bourmaud, Jennifer Macedo, Mauro Lupo, Lionel Fauchet, Claudia Allar, Raoul Schaaf and Serge Schneider
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:106
  46. There are gaps in our understanding of treatment needs among people who use methamphetamine. We examined the demographics, perceived treatment needs, barriers to accessing care, and stigma experienced by an in...

    Authors: Lochlan Wilson, Niketa Karnik, Jacquelyne Y. Wong, Lyra Barchet, Jitender Sareen, Ahmed Jwely, Nathan Nickel, Geoffrey Konrad, Joshua Nepon and James M. Bolton
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:104
  47. Syringe vending machines (SVM) can improve access to sterile injecting equipment, but they have not been widely implemented or evaluated. We evaluate the cost of SVM installed between July 2019–December 2020 i...

    Authors: Josephine G. Walker, Irma Kirtadze, Mzia Tabatadze, Peter Vickerman and David Otiashvili
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:103
  48. Since 2019, multiple HIV outbreaks occurred among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Minnesota. Syringe service programs (SSPs) are evidence-based programs that reduce the spread of HIV. We conducted an assessm...

    Authors: Adam Palayew, Kelly Knudtson, Sue Purchase, Shayna Clark, Lucia Possehl, Elise Healy, Sarah Deutsch, Courtney A. McKnight, Don Des Jarlais and Sara N. Glick
    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2023 20:102