Table 2 Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations (GEEs) for correlates of sex-for-crack exchanges among street-involved sex workers in Vancouver, Canada
Characteristic | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | p - value | Odds ratio | p - value | |
(95% CI) | (95% CI) | |||
Socio-demographic | ||||
Age‡ | 0.98 (0.96 –1.00) | 0.091 | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 0.230 |
Aboriginal ancestry vs. Caucasian | 0.74 (0.48 –1.14) | 0.175 | – | – |
Individual level- drug risks | ||||
Cocaine Injection* | 1.52 (1.00 – 2.31) | 0.050 | 1.29 (0.82 –2.03) | 0.275 |
Heroin Injection* | 1.57 (1.01 – 2.42) | 0.043 | 1.12 (0.69 –1.82) | 0.653 |
Intensive crack use*† | 1.71 (1.09 – 2.69) | 0.021 | – | – |
Crystal meth injection/non- injection | 0.61 (0.29 – 1.27) | 0.186 | – | – |
Interpersonal/ social environment | ||||
Shared used pipe with regular client/john* | 2.31 (1.54 – 3.47) | <0.001 | 1.93 (1.28–2.91) | 0.002 |
Intimate partner uses drugs† | 1.23 (0.80 – 1.87) | 0.352 | – | – |
Intimate partner provides drugs† | 1.31 (0.82 – 2.08) | 0.260 | – | – |
Physical/sexual violence by client*† | 2.27 (1.37 – 3.78) | 0.002 | – | – |
Inconsistent condom use by client (for vaginal sex)†* | 2.25 (1.08 – 4.70) | 0.031 | – | – |
Serviced over 10 clients/week*† | 2.18 (1.39 – 3.43) | <0.001 | – | – |
Physical environment | ||||
Smoke crack in groups with strangers e.g., crack houses, alleys* | 2.14 (1.44 – 3.17) | 0.001 | 1.70 (1.13–2.58) | 0.012 |
Homeless*† | 1.91 (1.25 – 2.93) | <0.003 | – | – |
Work in alleys/industrial areas†* | 2.30 (1.53 – 3.46) | 0.001 | – | – |
Services clients in public spaces*† | 2.03 (1.32 – 3.13) | 0.001 | – | – |