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  1. Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) are the second most commonly used illicit drugs in Europe and globally. However, there is limited understanding of what shapes patterns of ATS use over the life course. The AT...

    Authors: Marcus-Sebastian Martens, Heike Zurhold, Moritz Rosenkranz, Amy O’Donnell, Michelle Addison, Liam Spencer, William McGovern, Roman Gabrhelík, Benjamin Petruželka, Magdalena Rowicka, Nienke Liebregts, Peter Degkwitz, Eileen Kaner and Uwe Verthein

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:8

    Content type: Research

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  2. In Germany, risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highest among people who inject drugs (PWID). New injectors (NI) are particularly vulnerable for HCV-acquisition, but little is known about health seeki...

    Authors: Julia Enkelmann, Martyna Gassowski, Stine Nielsen, Benjamin Wenz, Stefan Roß, Ulrich Marcus, Viviane Bremer and Ruth Zimmermann

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:7

    Content type: Brief report

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  3. Occurring against the backdrop of an overdose crisis, stimulant use and stimulant-involved deaths in North America are increasing at an alarming rate. Many of these deaths are being attributed to fentanyl and ...

    Authors: Taylor Fleming, Allison Barker, Andrew Ivsins, Sheila Vakharia and Ryan McNeil

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:6

    Content type: Commentary

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  4. Opioid-related deaths have increased in Western countries over recent decades. Despite numerous studies investigating opioid-related mortality, only a few have focused on the lives of the deceased individuals ...

    Authors: Lisa Andersson, Anders Håkansson, Peter Krantz and Björn Johnson

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:5

    Content type: Research

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  5. In response to the opioid epidemic, naloxone distribution programs aim to prevent overdose death by making naloxone available and training people to use it. Peers of individuals at risk of opioid overdose are ...

    Authors: Bridget L. Hanson, Rebecca R. Porter, Amanda L. Zöld and Heather Terhorst-Miller

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:4

    Content type: Research

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  6. Policy development by partnership is difficult, however, ‘Reducing Harm, Supporting Recovery- A health led response to drug and alcohol use in Ireland 2017-2025’ hailed a new era. This policy was based on an a...

    Authors: Catherine Comiskey

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:3

    Content type: Research

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  8. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been proven to be effective in treating opioid dependence. In Vietnam, MMT services are provided primarily by public clinics, with only one private MMT clinic establis...

    Authors: Tuan Anh Le, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Anh Duc Dang, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Hai Thanh Phan, Giang Thu Vu, Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen, Carl A. Latkin, Cyrus S. H. Ho, Roger C. M. Ho, Bach Xuan Tran, Jiangbo Ying and Melvyn W. B. Zhang

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2020 17:1

    Content type: Research

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  9. Most smokers attempting to quit relapse. There is little evidence whether the use of e-cigarettes (‘vaping’) increases or decreases relapse. This study aimed to assess 1) whether vaping predicted relapse among...

    Authors: Leonie S. Brose, Julia Bowen, Ann McNeill and Timea R. Partos

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:76

    Content type: Research

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  11. The HIV epidemic in Vietnam has been primarily driven by injection drug use. HIV-infected people who inject drugs (PWID) in Vietnam have very high rates of mental health problems, which can accelerate progress...

    Authors: Minh X. Nguyen, Vivian F. Go, Quynh X. Bui, Bradley N. Gaynes and Brian W. Pence

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:74

    Content type: Research

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  12. In Uganda, injection drug use is a growing but less studied problem. Preventing the transition to injection drug use may help prevent blood-borne viral transmission, but little is known about when and how peop...

    Authors: Matayo Baluku and Twaibu Wamala

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:73

    Content type: Research

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  13. The above-average proportion of people with opioid use disorder living in prisons is a worldwide reality, and the need to treat these people was recognized internationally more than 20 years ago. Studies have ...

    Authors: Heino Stöver, Daniela Jamin, Ingo Ilja Michels, Bärbel Knorr, Karlheinz Keppler and Daniel Deimel

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:72

    Content type: Research

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  14. Given the close connection between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and substance use disorder (SUD), access to integrated HIV and SUD services is critical for individuals experiencing both challen...

    Authors: Rogério Meireles Pinto, Yun Chen and Sunggeun ( Ethan) Park

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:71

    Content type: Review

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  15. The twin problems of severe alcohol dependence and homelessness are associated with precarious living and multiple acute, social and chronic harms. While much attention has been focused on harm reduction servi...

    Authors: B. Pauly, M. Brown, J. Evans, E. Gray, R. Schiff, A. Ivsins, B. Krysowaty, K. Vallance and T. Stockwell

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:70

    Content type: Research

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  16. Injection drug use is on the rise in the USA, and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are a common complication, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Due to structural barriers to care-seeking,...

    Authors: Andrew R. Gilbert, Julia L. Hellman, Michael S. Wilkes, Vaughan W. Rees and Phillip J. Summers

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:69

    Content type: Research

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  17. Chronic HCV infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality and, in co-infection with HIV, may result in immunological and virological failure following antiretroviral treatment. Estimates of HCV infectio...

    Authors: Germana Henry Leyna, Neema Makyao, Alexander Mwijage, Angela Ramadhan, Samuel Likindikoki, Mucho Mizinduko, Melkizedeck Thomas Leshabari, Kåre Moen and Elia John Mmbaga

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:68

    Content type: Research

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  19. Overdose education and naloxone distribution programs decrease opioid overdose deaths. However, no studies of such programs have been carried out in Denmark. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibili...

    Authors: Birgitte Thylstrup, Morten Hesse, Marian Jørgensen and Henrik Thiesen

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:66

    Content type: Research

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  22. Psychedelic microdosing is the trending practice of using tiny repeated doses of psychedelic substances to facilitate a range of supposed benefits. With only a few published studies to date, the subject is sti...

    Authors: Martin Andersson and Anette Kjellgren

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:63

    Content type: Research

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  23. Snus is an oral smokeless tobacco product which is usually placed behind the upper lip, either in a loose form or in portioned sachets, and is primarily used in Sweden and Norway. The purpose of this review is...

    Authors: Elizabeth Clarke, Keith Thompson, Sarah Weaver, Joseph Thompson and Grant O’Connell

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:62

    Content type: Review

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  24. In the context of the current US opioid crisis, people who inject drugs (PWID) are increasingly researched, but their ability to tell their own stories may be limited. Photovoice is a participatory action rese...

    Authors: Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Ellen Childs, Katie B. Biello, Dea L. Biancarelli, Alberto Edeza, Peter Salhaney, Matthew J. Mimiaga and Angela R. Bazzi

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:61

    Content type: Research

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  25. Venous access is a priority for people who inject drugs (PWID). Damage and scarring of peripheral veins can exacerbate health harms, such as skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), and promote transitions to f...

    Authors: Magdalena Harris, Jenny Scott, Talen Wright, Rachel Brathwaite, Daniel Ciccarone and Vivian Hope

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:60

    Content type: Research

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  26. JUUL is the fastest growing and highest selling brand of e-cigarette/vapor products in the USA. Assessing the effect of JUUL vapor products on adult smokers’ use of conventional tobacco cigarettes can help inf...

    Authors: Christopher Russell, Farhana Haseen and Neil McKeganey

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:59

    Content type: Research

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  27. Engagement in the HIV care continuum combined with office-based opioid treatment remains a cornerstone in addressing the intertwined epidemics of opioid use disorder (OUD) and HIV/AIDS. Factors influencing pat...

    Authors: Babak Tofighi, Selena S. Sindhu, Chemi Chemi, Crystal Fuller Lewis, Victoria Vaughan Dickson and Joshua D. Lee

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:58

    Content type: Research

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  28. Community pharmacies are important for health access by rural populations and those who do not have optimum access to the health system, because they provide myriad health services and are found in most commun...

    Authors: Beth E. Meyerson, Carrie A. Lawrence, Summer Dawn Cope, Steven Levin, Christopher Thomas, Lori Ann Eldridge, Haley B. Coles, Nina Vadiei and Amy Kennedy

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:57

    Content type: Research

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  29. There is a dearth of evidence on injecting drug use and associated HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in Uganda. As such, policy and programming for people who inject drugs (PWID) is limited due to sca...

    Authors: Matayo Baluku, Twaibu Wamala and Denis Muhangi

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:56

    Content type: Research

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  30. Community-based research in HIV in Canada is a complex undertaking. Including peer researchers living with HIV meaningfully is intricate and costly. However, this inclusion guarantees results that translate to...

    Authors: Francisco Ibáñez-Carrasco, James R. Watson and James Tavares

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:55

    Content type: Commentary

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  32. To identify geographic “hotspots” for potential transmission of HIV and HCV and for drug overdose among persons who use heroin and cocaine in New York City and to examine historical continuities in problem dru...

    Authors: D.C. Des Jarlais, C. McKnight, K. Arasteh, J. Feelemyer, Zev Ross and H. L. F. Cooper

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:53

    Content type: Research

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  33. Safe consumption spaces (SCS) are indoor environments in which people can use drugs with trained personnel on site to provide overdose reversal and risk reduction services. SCS have been shown to reduce fatal ...

    Authors: Allison O’Rourke, Rebecca Hamilton White, Ju Nyeong Park, Kayla Rodriguez, Michael E. Kilkenny, Susan G. Sherman and Sean T. Allen

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:51

    Content type: Brief report

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  34. There is limited literature about how to best “do” community involvement in research and no one model of community involvement in research that has been shown to be more effective than others. This paper prese...

    Authors: Melinda Walker, Kim Beadman, Steve Griffin, Mitchell Beadman and Carla Treloar

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:52

    Content type: Commentary

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  36. Ahead of opening Portugal’s first mobile drug consumption room (MDCR) in Lisbon, information from People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) and local community members was necessary to determine current needs and shape the ...

    Authors: Hannah Taylor, Adriana Curado, Joana Tavares, Miguel Oliveira, Diana Gautier and João Santa Maria

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:49

    Content type: Research

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  37. A recent study raised concerns about e-cigarette liquids toxicity by reporting the presence of 14 flavouring chemicals with toxicity classification. However, the relevant toxicity classification was not estima...

    Authors: Konstantinos Farsalinos and George Lagoumintzis

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:48

    Content type: Research

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  38. A community-based research (CBR) approach is critical to redressing the exclusion of women—particularly, traditionally marginalized women including those who use substances—from HIV research participation and ...

    Authors: Angela Kaida, Allison Carter, Valerie Nicholson, Jo Lemay, Nadia O’Brien, Saara Greene, Wangari Tharao, Karène Proulx-Boucher, Rebecca Gormley, Anita Benoit, Mélina Bernier, Jamie Thomas-Pavanel, Johanna Lewis, Alexandra de Pokomandy and Mona Loutfy

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:47

    Content type: Research

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  39. Persons in addiction treatment are likely to experience and/or witness drug overdoses following treatment and thus could benefit from overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs. Diverting ind...

    Authors: Rachel E. Gicquelais, Briana Mezuk, Betsy Foxman, Laura Thomas and Amy S. B. Bohnert

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:46

    Content type: Research

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  40. People who inject drugs (PWID) are disproportionally affected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In the Netherlands, active HCV transmission in PWID has practically been halted but uptake of HCV testing...

    Authors: Patricia A. M. Kracht, Elisabeth A. de Gee, Agnes van der Poel, Marc A. M. T. Verhagen, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Esther A. Croes and Joop E. Arends

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:45

    Content type: Research

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  41. Microdosing psychedelics is the practice of consuming very low, sub-hallucinogenic doses of a psychedelic substance, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or psilocybin-containing mushrooms. According to me...

    Authors: Thomas Anderson, Rotem Petranker, Adam Christopher, Daniel Rosenbaum, Cory Weissman, Le-Anh Dinh-Williams, Katrina Hui and Emma Hapke

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:43

    Content type: Research

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  43. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is endemic in prison populations, and HCV management in prisons is suboptimal. Incarceration is a public health opportunity to target this cohort. Community peer support incre...

    Authors: Desmond Crowley, Ross Murtagh, Walter Cullen, Mary Keevans, Eamon Laird, Tina McHugh, Susan McKiernan, Sarah Jayne Miggin, Eileen O’Connor, Deirdre O’Reilly, Graham Betts-Symonds, Ciara Tobin, Marie Claire Van Hout and John S. Lambert

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:42

    Content type: Research

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  44. Marginalized communities often attract more than their share of research. Too often, this research benefits researchers disproportionately and leaves such communities feeling exploited, misrepresented, and exh...

    Authors: Scott D. Neufeld, Jule Chapman, Nicolas Crier, Samona Marsh, Jim McLeod and Lindsay A. Deane

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:41

    Content type: Methodology

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  45. Traditional research about substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is considered, among an increasing number of service users, to be disempowering and poorly reflective of their priorities. Thus, this methodolo...

    Authors: Henning Pettersen, Morten Brodahl, Jeanette Rundgren, Larry Davidson and Ingrid Amalia Havnes

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:40

    Content type: Methodology

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  46. Exposure to potent synthetic opioids such as illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) has fueled the escalating overdose crisis in the USA, particularly in the east coast. Drug checking services, which allow peop...

    Authors: Saba Rouhani, Ju Nyeong Park, Kenneth B. Morales, Traci C. Green and Susan G. Sherman

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:39

    Content type: Research

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  47. Bacterial infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for persons who inject drugs (PWID). Injection cessation may help abrogate such infections, but maintaining complete cessation is challenging. Li...

    Authors: Salequl Islam, Damani A. Piggott, Alberto Moriggia, Jacquie Astemborski, Shruti H. Mehta, David L. Thomas and Gregory D. Kirk

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:38

    Content type: Research

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  48. Peer-led programs with people who use drugs (PWUD) have been a key characteristic of the harm reduction in many countries, including their involvement in research. However, peer involvement in research is ofte...

    Authors: Graham Brown, Sione Crawford, Gari-Emma Perry, Jude Byrne, James Dunne, Daniel Reeders, Angela Corry, Jane Dicka, Hunter Morgan and Sam Jones

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:37

    Content type: Methodology

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  49. Equipment used by people who inject drugs (PWID) either has a needle which is fixed to the syringe or can be detached and replaced. Detachable low dead space syringes (LDSS) have been developed, with less spac...

    Authors: Deborah Hussey, Zoe Trinder-Widdess, Cassie Dee, Darren Bagnall, Tatty Bojangles and Joanna May Kesten

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:36

    Content type: Commentary

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  50. Injecting drug use (IDU) is a key driver of the HIV epidemic particularly when individuals experience psychosocial conditions and risky sexual behavior in a syndemic manner. This study sets out to assess evide...

    Authors: Catherine Mwangi, Simon Karanja, John Gachohi, Violet Wanjihia and Zipporah Ngang’a

    Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2019 16:35

    Content type: Research

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  • ISSN: 1477-7517 (electronic)

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Harm Reduction Journal

ISSN: 1477-7517