Drug users in Hanoi, Vietnam: factors associated with membership in community-based drug user groups

Table 5 Associations between membership and psychosocial factors and injection risk behaviors in a subsample of IDUs only ^a

Variable	Members N = 51	Non-members N = 63	P-value
Age	35.2 (6.5)	32.6 (6.1)	0.029
Age at first injection	24.9 (5.3)	24.3 (5.3)	0.560
Injections/month	49.0 (42.1)	49.4 (35.4)	0.948
Proportion of Injections with new needle	1.0 (0.1)	0.9 (0.2)	0.036
Proportion of Injections Alone	0.8 (0.3)	0.8 (0.3)	0.668
Split drugs^b	19 (37.2)	31 (49.2)	0.201
Reused syringes^c,d	3 (6.0)	7 (11.5)	0.507
Passed syringes to others^c,d	1 (2.1)	4 (6.6)	0.382
Cleaned skin^d			0.201
Never	28 (57.1)	42 (67.7)
At least once	17 (34.7)	19 (30.6)
Many times	4 (8.2)	1 (1.6)
How Cleaned Skin^c			0.101
Water	12 (52.2)	6 (31.6)
Sponge/Alcohol Towel	4 (17.4)	4 (21.0)
Anti-bacterial liquid	2 (8.7)	1 (5.3)
Tongue/saliva	2 (8.7)	5 (26.3)
Usually nothing	3 (13.0)	0 (0.0)
Other	0 (0.0)	3 (15.8)
How Stopped Bleeding^c			0.127
Cotton/sponge	18 (39.1)	13 (22.4)
Tissue	9 (19.6)	17 (29.3)
Alcohol sponge	5 (10.9)	2 (3.4)
Fingers	13 (28.3)	22 (37.9)
Other	1 (2.2)	5 (6.9)
Self-Efficacy^e
Get new syringes	3.8 (0.3)	3.4 (0.8)	0.004
Refuse to share syringes	3.5 (0.7)	3.1 (0.8)	0.006
Not share water	3.0 (1.1)	2.6 (1.2)	0.086

Bold p-values indicated variables that remained significant in the multivariate model.
^at-test given as mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise noted. Numbers and percentages may not sum to total due to missing data.
^bChi-squared test given as N (column %).
^cFisher’s Exact test given as N (column %).
^dDichotomized to Never/At Least Once, with At Least Once presented.
^eMean responses from Likert Score 1–5 (No confidence at all, Not very confident, Neither confident nor not confident, Somewhat confident, Totally confident).

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