Table 2 Kruskal-Wallis Chi-Squares for the dichotomized stages of change groups indicating readiness to stop cigarette smoking
From: The barriers to smoking cessation in Swiss methadone and buprenorphine-maintained patients
| Â | Not ready | Ready | Chi-Square |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 92 | 11 | Â |
% female | 21.7 | 45.5 | 4.369* |
Age | 33.9; 7.6 | 32.5; 5.9 | 0.190 |
Cigarette Smoking | Â | Â | Â |
Age of smoking onset | 14.2; 3.7 | 14.6; 2.7 | 2.419 |
Years of smoking | 19.8; 7.4 | 17.8; 6.4 | 0.585 |
Number of cigarettes/day | 15.5; 8.1 | 16.0; 7.0 | 0.008 |
FTND score | 5.3; 2.1 | 6.5; 2.0 | 2.171 |
% nicotine replacement | 1.1 | 0.0 | - |
Opiate and Maintenance History | Â | Â | Â |
Age at heroin onset | 19.7; 6.0 | 21.4; 7.0 | 0.260 |
Number of opiate substitution enrollments | 3.1; 5.0 | 2.8; 1.1 | 0.816 |
Total months of opiate substitution treatment | 59.3; 41.5 | 71.0; 58.3 | 0.131 |
% substituted with methadone | 84.8 | 72.8 | Â |
Current methadone dose | 125.4; 84.0 | 77.1; 34.0 | 1.964 |
% ever had an opiate withdrawal attempt | 70.6 | 72.7 | 0.282 |
Total number of opiate withdrawal attempts | 3.7; 2.6 | 5.7; 4.5 | 1.141 |
Co-dependence | Â | Â | Â |
% alcohol dependence | 26.1 | 18.2 | 1.395 |
% cannabis dependence | 21.7 | 18.2 | 0.855 |
% sedative dependence | 39.1 | 18.2 | 1.637 |
% cocaine dependence | 38.0 | 45.5 | 0.458 |
Number of co-dependencies other than nicotine | 1.3; 0.9 | 1.0; 0.5 | 0.922 |
Dual Diagnoses | Â | Â | Â |
% depression | 30.4 | 63.7 | 5.783* |
% adult ADHD | 3.3 | 0.0 | - |
% schizophreniform disorder | 4.3 | 9.1 | - |