Table 4 Bivariate analyses of risk factors for concurrent heroin use among MMT patients

Age (in 5-year units)

0.9

0.8–1.0

0.8

0.7–0.9

Gender (male is reference)

0.7

0.2–2.0

0.7

0.4–1.2

Ever been in an 06 center (yes/no)

1.0

0.7–1.5

1.1

0.8–1.5

Being employed full-time (yes/no)

1.1

0.9–1.4

0.7

0.6–0.9

Had problematic relation with family and/or community members (yes/no)

0.7

0.3–1.6

1.4

0.9–2.0

Had negative activities in family (yes/no)

2.0

1.0–4.0

1.9

1.3–2.7

Involved in criminal activities (yes/no)

1.2

0.6–2.2

1.6

0.6–4.2

Had PWID sex partners (yes/no)

1.2

0.4–3.6

1.3

0.9–1.8

Had PWID cohabitants (yes/no)

0.9

0.5–1.9

1.7

1.0–3.0

Methadone dosage (in 5-ml units)

1.2

1.0–1.3

1.2

1.1–1.3

 Good adherence

1

–

–

–

 Moderate adherence

1.5

1.2–1.8

1.5

1.2–1.9

 Poor adherence

1.9

0.8–4.5

3.5

1.7–7.1

Current ART (yes/no)

2.2

1.5–3.1

2.1

1.6–2.9

Current TB treatment (yes/no)

0.9

0.1–5.9

3.0

2.0–4.6