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Table 1 Articles included in the literature review arranged by year of publication

From: Housing First and harm reduction: a rapid review and document analysis of the US and Canadian open-access literature

Author(s)

Year

Title

Article type

Country

Harm reduction mentioned

Tsemberis, Gulcur, and Nakae [70]

2004

Housing First, consumer choice, and harm reduction for homeless individuals with a dual diagnosis

Research

USA

Yes

Milby, Schumacher, Wallace, Freedman, and Vuchinich [71]

2005

To house or not to house: the effects of providing housing to homeless substance abusers in treatment

Research

USA

No

Dickson-Gomez, Convey, Hilario, Corbett, and Weeks [72]

2007

Unofficial policy: access to housing, housing information and social services among homeless drug users in Hartford, Connecticut

Research

USA

No

Kertesz et al. [59]

2007

Long-term housing and work outcomes among treated cocaine-dependent homeless persons

Research

USA

No

Padgett [38]

2007

There’s no place like (a) home: ontological security among persons with serious mental illness in the United States

Research

USA

Yes

Buchanan, Kee, Sadowski, and Garcia [56]

2009

The health impact of supportive housing for HIV-positive homeless patients: a randomized controlled trial

Research

USA

No

Kertesz, Crouch, Milby, Cusimano, and Schumacher [44]

2009

Housing First for homeless persons with active addiction: are we overreaching?

Research

USA

Yes

Parker [58]

2010

Housing as an intervention on hospital use: access among chronically homeless persons with disabilities

Research

USA

No

Tsai, Mares, and Rosenheck [57]

2010

A multisite comparison of supported housing for chronically homeless adults: “Housing First” versus “residential treatment first”

Research

USA

No

Fitzpatrick-Lewis et al. [47]

2011

Effectiveness of interventions to improve the health and housing status of homeless people: a rapid systematic review

Literature review

USA

No

Goering et al. [53]

2011

The At Home/Chez Soi trial protocol: a pragmatic, multi-site, randomised controlled trial of a Housing First intervention for homeless individuals with mental illness in five Canadian cities

Protocol

Canada

No

Henwood, Stanhope, and Padgett [50]

2011

The role of housing: a comparison of front-line provider views in housing first and traditional programs

Research

USA

No

Raven, Doran, Kostrowski, Gillespie, and Elbel [73]

2011

An intervention to improve care and reduce costs for high-risk patients with frequent hospital admissions: a pilot study

Research

USA

Yes

Padgett, Stanhope, Henwood, and Stefancic [74]

2011

Substance use outcomes among homeless clients with serious mental illness: comparing Housing First with treatment first programs

Research

USA

Yes

Collins, Malone, Clifasefi, et al. [75]

2012

Project-based Housing First for chronically homeless individuals with alcohol problems: within-subjects analyses of 2-year alcohol trajectories

Research

USA

No

Hwang, Stergiopoulos, O’Campo, and Gozdzik [76]

2012

Ending homelessness among people with mental illness: the At Home/Chez Soi randomized trial of a Housing First intervention in Toronto

Research

Canada

Yes

Tsemberis, Kent, and Respress [77]

2012

Housing stability and recovery among chronically homeless persons with co-occuring disorders in Washington, DC

Research

USA

Yes

Stergiopoulos et al. [78]

2012

Moving from rhetoric to reality: adapting Housing First for homeless individuals with mental illness from ethno-racial groups

Research

Canada

Yes

Collins, Clifasefi, Andrasik, et al. [45]

2012

Exploring transitions within a project-based Housing First setting: qualitative evaluation and practice implications

Research

USA

Yes

Collins, Malone, and Larimer [41]

2012

Motivation to change and treatment attendance as predictors of alcohol-use outcomes among project-based Housing First residents

Research

USA

Yes

Collins, Clifasefi, Dana, et al. [63]

2012

Where harm reduction meets housing first: exploring alcohol’s role in a project-based Housing First setting

Research

USA

Yes

Collins, Malone, and Clifasefi [79]

2013

Housing retention in single-site Housing First for chronically homeless individuals with severe alcohol problems

Research

USA

No

Henwood, Shinn, Tsemberis, and Padgett [40]

2013

Examining provider perspectives within Housing First and traditional programs

Research

USA

Yes

Henwood, Stanhope, et al. [62]

2013

Addressing chronic disease within supportive housing programs

Research

USA

No

O’Toole et al. [60]

2013

New to care: demands on a health system when homeless veterans are enrolled in a medical home model

Research

USA

No

Owczarzak, Dickson-Gomez, Convey, and Weeks, [36]

2013

What is “support” in supportive housing: client and service providers’ perspectives

Research

USA

Yes

Palepu, Patterson, Moniruzzaman, Frankish, and Somers [48]

2013

Housing First improves residential stability in homeless adults with concurrent substance dependence and mental disorders

Research

Canada

No

Patterson, Rezansoff, Currie, and Somers [54]

2013

Trajectories of recovery among homeless adults with mental illness who participated in a randomised controlled trial of Housing First: a longitudinal, narrative analysis

Research

Canada

No

Somers, Patterson, et al. [61]

2013

Vancouver At Home: pragmatic randomized trials investigating Housing First for homeless and mentally ill adults

Research

Canada

No

Somers, Rezansoff, Moniruzzaman, Palepu, and Patterson [42]

2013

Housing First reduces re-offending among formerly homeless adults with mental disorders: results of a randomized controlled trial

Research

Canada

Yes

Srebnik, Connor, and Sylla [80]

2013

A pilot study of the impact of Housing First–supported housing for intensive users of medical hospitalization and sobering services

Research

USA

Yes

Stefancic et al. [37]

2013

Implementing Housing First in rural areas: Pathways Vermont

Research

USA

Yes

Adair et al. [55]

2014

Development and initial validation of the Observer-Rated Housing Quality Scale (OHQS) in a multisite trial of Housing First

Research

Canada

No

Farquhar, Ryder, Henderlong, Lowe, and Amann [81]

2014

Listening to consumer perspectives to inform addictions and housing-related practice and research

Research

USA

No

Fleury, Grenier, and Vallée [82]

2014

Evaluation of the implementation of the Montreal At Home/Chez Soi project

Research

Canada

No

Kertesz et al. [83]

2014

Making Housing First happen: organizational leadership in VA’s expansion of permanent supportive housing

Research

USA

Yes

Kirst, Zerger, Harris, Plenert, and Stergiopoulos [52]

2014

The promise of recovery: narratives of hope among homeless individuals with mental illness participating in a Housing First randomised controlled trial in Toronto, Canada

Research

Canada

No

Mackelprang, Collins, and Clifasefi [84]

2014

Housing First is associated with reduced use of emergency medical services

Research

USA

No

Stergiopoulos et al. [39]

2014

Housing First: exploring participants’ early support needs

Research

Canada

Yes

Aubry, Nelson, and Tsemberis [85]

2015

Housing First for people with severe mental illness who are homeless: a review of the research and findings from the At Home–Chez Soi demonstration project

Research

Canada

No

Goering and Streiner [86]

2015

Putting housing first: the evidence and impact

Editorial/opinion

Canada

No

Henwood, Byrne, and Scriber [87]

2015

Examining mortality among formerly homeless adults enrolled in Housing First: an observational study

Research

USA

No

Henwood, Stefancic, et al. [88]

2015

Social relationships of dually diagnosed homeless adults following enrollment in Housing First or traditional treatment services

Research

USA

No

Kertesz, Austin, Holmes, Pollio, and Lukas [89]

2015

Housing First and the risk of failure: a comment on Westermeyer and Lee (2013)

Editorial/opinion

USA

Yes

Ly and Latimer [90]

2015

Housing First impact on costs and associated cost offsets: a review of the literature

Research

USA

No

Smelson [91]

2015

A cluster randomized Hybrid Type III trial testing an implementation support strategy to facilitate the use of an evidence-based practice in VA homeless programs

Protocol

USA

No

Stergiopoulos et al. [43]

2015

Effectiveness of Housing First with intensive case management in an ethnically diverse sample of homeless adults with mental illness: a randomized controlled trial

Research

Canada

Yes

Woodhall-Melnik et al. [49]

2015

The impact of a 24-month Housing First intervention on participants’ body mass index and waist circumference: Results from the At Home/Chez Soi Toronto site randomized controlled trial

Research

Canada

No

Brown et al. [92]

2016

Pathways to homelessness among older homeless adults: results from the HOPE HOME study

Research

USA

No

Gabrielian et al. [93]

2016

Factors associated with premature exits from supported housing

Research

USA

No

Kennedy et al. [94]

2016

A computer-assisted motivational social network intervention to reduce alcohol, drug and HIV risk behaviors among Housing First residents

Protocol

USA

No

Killaspy [95]

2016

Supported accommodation for people with mental health problems

Editorial/opinion

USA

No

O’Campo et al. [96]

2016

How did a Housing First intervention improve health and social outcomes among homeless adults with mental illness in Toronto? Two-year outcomes from a randomised trial

Research

Canada

No

Stergiopoulos et al. [97]

2016

The effectiveness of a Housing First adaptation for ethnic minority groups: findings of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

Research

Canada

No

Pauly et al. [46]

2016

Finding safety: a pilot study of managed alcohol program participants’ perceptions of housing and quality of life

Research

Canada

Yes