Table 3 Baseline experiences of drug use, MMT, and HIV stigma overall and by urbanicity (N = 279)
From: Cohort profile: the Kyrgyzstan InterSectional Stigma (KISS) injection drug use cohort study
Stigma type and mechanism | Internal reliability | Total N = 279 | Bishkek N = 141 | Chuy Oblast N = 138 | t(df), p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | No. items | α | ω | n | M, (SD) | M, (SD) | M, (SD) |  |
Drug use stigma | ||||||||
Total | 18 | 0.81 | 0.77 | 271 | 3.25 (0.57) | 3.30 (0.54) | 3.19 (0.59) | t(269) = 1.691, p = 0.046 |
Structural | 3 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 278 | 3.30 (1.10) | 3.33 (1.12) | 3.27 (1.08) | t(276) = 0.440, p = 0.330 |
Anticipated | 9 | 0.73 | 0.70 | 272 | 3.12 (0.63) | 3.16 (0.64) | 3.08 (0.62) | t(270) = 1.151, p = 0.125 |
 Family | 3 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 273 | 3.18 (1.03) | 3.18 (1.06) | 3.17 (1.00) | t(271) = 0.065, p = 0.474 |
 Healthcare workers | 3 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 278 | 3.24 (0.82) | 3.33 (0.79) | 3.15 (0.83) | t(276) = 1.758, p = 0.040 |
 Other PWID | 3 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 279 | 2.93 (0.88) | 2.96 (0.91) | 2.91 (0.86) | t(277) = 0.487, p = 0.313 |
Internalized | 6 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 279 | 3.39 (0.82) | 3.48 (0.75) | 3.30 (0.88) | t(277) = 1.900, p = 0.029 |
MMT stigma | ||||||||
Total | 18 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 253 | 3.24 (0.54) | 3.25 (0.55) | 3.23 (0.53) | t(251) = 0.321, p = 0.374 |
Structural | 3 | 0.63 | 0.67 | 262 | 3.04 (1.14) | 3.01 (1.15) | 3.06 (1.14) | t(260) = − 0.362, p = 0.359 |
Anticipated | 9 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 264 | 3.35 (0.66) | 3.38 (0.68) | 3.33 (0.63) | t(262) = 0.574, p = 0.283 |
 Family | 3 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 265 | 3.47 (0.86) | 3.51 (0.92) | 3.42 (0.79) | t(263) = 0.874, p = 0.191 |
 Healthcare workers | 3 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 270 | 3.35 (0.80) | 3.38 (0.80) | 3.32 (0.81) | t(268) = 0.617, p = 0.269 |
 Other PWID | 3 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 273 | 3.22 (0.92) | 3.19 (0.95) | 3.24 (0.90) | t(271) = − 0.457, p = 0.324 |
Stereotypes and prejudice | 6 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 272 | 3.15 (0.64) | 3.14 (0.65) | 3.16 (0.64) | t(270) = − 0.220, p = 0.413 |
HIV stigma | ||||||||
Total | 18 | 0.80 | 0.75 | 261 | 2.94 (0.54) | 2.94 (0.55) | 2.94 (0.52) | t(259) = − 0.043, p = 0.483 |
Structural | 3 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 270 | 2.92 (1.12) | 2.94 (1.10) | 2.89 (1.14) | t(268) = 0.344, p = 0.365 |
Anticipated | 9 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 272 | 3.11 (0.69) | 3.10 (0.72) | 3.12 (0.66) | t(270) = − 0.026, p = 0.490 |
 Family | 3 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 273 | 2.81 (1.07) | 2.85 (1.09) | 2.77 (1.05) | t(271) = 0.640, p = 0.261 |
 Healthcare workers | 3 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 278 | 3.08 (0.89) | 3.07 (0.91) | 3.10 (0.88) | t(276) = − 0.336, p = 0.369 |
 Other PWID | 3 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 279 | 3.43 (0.84) | 3.40 (0.86) | 3.47 (0.82) | t(277) = − 0.687, p = 0.246 |
Stereotypes and prejudice | 6 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 277 | 2.68 (0.56) | 2.67 (0.56) | 2.70 (0.57) | t(275) = − 0.395, p = 0.693 |
Internalized (n = 57)* | 6 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 57 | 2.78 (0.88) | 2.62 (0.85) | 3.15 (0.86) | t(55) = − 2.188, p = 0.033 |