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Fig. 2 | Harm Reduction Journal

Fig. 2

From: Understanding heterogeneity among individuals who smoke cigarettes and vape: assessment of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm among subpopulations from the PATH Wave 1 Data

Fig. 2

Exposure to NNK among people who only smoke cigarettes everyday, people who smoke and vape, people who only vape, and people who never used any tobacco products, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 1, 2013–2014. Note The following denotes statistically significant difference at unadjusted p < 0.05: †vs. Group A; %Group B3 vs. Group B2; $vs. Group C. Group A—people who only smoke cigarettes everyday; Group B1—people who frequently smoke and vape; Group B2—people who frequently smoke and infrequently vape; Group B3—people who frequently vape and infrequently smoke; Group B4—people who infrequently smoke and vape; Group C—people who only vape everyday; Group D—people who never used any tobacco products

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Harm Reduction Journal

ISSN: 1477-7517