Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and drug use behaviors by reported heroin use in the past seven days
|  | Any heroin use (n = 408) | No heroin use (n = 286) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | No. / Median | % / IQR | No. / Median | % / IQR |
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
Age # | ||||
Years | 35 | 29–43 | 42 | 31–54 |
Gender # | ||||
Male | 238 | 61% | 215 | 81% |
Female | 145 | 37% | 43 | 16% |
Trans/Genderqueer/Non-binary | 8 | 2% | 8 | 3% |
MSM status # | ||||
MSM | 15 | 4% | 24 | 9% |
Race # | ||||
White/Caucasian | 246 | 63% | 122 | 46% |
Black/African-American | 23 | 6% | 59 | 22% |
Hispanic/Latino | 17 | 4% | 9 | 3% |
Native American | 23 | 6% | 15 | 6% |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 15 | 4% | 4 | 2% |
Mixed Race | 55 | 14% | 47 | 18% |
Other | 12 | 3% | 10 | 4% |
Monthly income (USD) # | ||||
Median income | 196 | (0–1000) | 192 | (0–798) |
No income | 180 | 46% | 121 | 46% |
Housing status in past 30Â days # | ||||
Housed | 189 | 46% | 109 | 38% |
Unhoused | 219 | 54% | 175 | 62% |
Drug use behaviors | ||||
Drug consumption | ||||
Exclusive heroin use | 50 | 12% | 0 | N/A |
Concurrent heroin and methamphetamine use | ||||
(i.e., goofball) | 222 | 54% | 18 | 6% |
Separate heroin and methamphetamine use | 330 | 81% | N/A | N/A |
Concurrent heroin and cocaine use (i.e., speedball) | 45 | 11% | 5 | 2% |
Separate heroin and cocaine use | 90 | 22% | N/A | N/A |
Separate heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine use | 75 | 22% | N/A | N/A |
Exclusive goofball use | 0 | 0% | 10 | 3% |
Exclusive methamphetamine use | 0 | 0% | 166 | 58% |
Exclusive cocaine use | 0 | 0% | 23 | 8% |
Separate methamphetamine and cocaine use | 75 | 18% | 34 | 12% |
Drug administration | ||||
Lifetime history IDU # | 369 | 90% | 177 | 63% |
Number of years since first injection # | 8 | (3–16) | 14.5 | (6–27) |
Current IV injection (any drug) | 322 | 79% | 93 | 33% |
Current IM injection (any drug) | 100 | 25% | 6 | 2% |
Current smoking (any drug) | 337 | 83% | 214 | 75% |