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Table 2 Coding structure

From: Beliefs, attitudes and experiences of virtual overdose monitoring services from the perspectives of people who use substances in Canada: a qualitative study

Parent nodes (n participants)

Node description

Child nodes (n participants)

Accessibility (n = 23)

Any discussion about accessing or using VOMS

Access to technology and/or cellphones (n = 23)

Applicable population (n = 22)

Applicable setting (n = 17)

Covid-19 (n = 17)

Awareness (n = 23)

Comments about previous knowledge, awareness or advertising/promotion of VOMS

Advertisement (n = 23)

Previous knowledge about VOMS (n = 16)

Relationships (n = 23)

Any discussion about feelings, desires for relationships and interactions with other individuals in the context of substance use or using VOMS

Privacy/confidentiality (n = 23)

Human connection (n = 21)

Trust/respect (n = 19)

Community (n = 12)

Nonjudgmental (n = 11)

Potential health benefits (n = 22)

Any comments about possible health benefits from using VOMS

Referrals to health and social services (n = 15)

Saving lives (n = 9)

Mental health (n = 22)

Any discussion about mental health or individual emotions in the context of using or accessing VOMS

Emotional distress (n = 18)

Comfort (n = 17)

Fear and anxiety (n = 16)

Stigma, shame, guilt (n = 16)

Perceptions of safety concerns (n = 23)

Any discussion about perceptions of safety concerns or hesitations when using VOMS

Emergency response times (n = 20)

Criminalization (n = 13)