Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of overdose decedents with xylazine detected during 2019–2023 in Jefferson County, Alabama (N = 165)
Characteristic | N (%) |
|---|---|
Age | |
 Mean ± SD | 42.2 ± 11.7 |
 Median, min to max | 42, 4 to 70 |
Sex | |
 Female | 52 (31.5) |
 Male | 113 (68.5) |
Race | |
 White | 97 (58.8) |
 Black | 62 (37.6) |
 Hispanic | 6 (3.6) |
Housing status | |
 Housed | 133 (80.6) |
 Unhoused | 30 (18.2) |
 Unable to determine | 2 (1.2) |
Year identified | |
 2019 | 1 (0.6) |
 2020 | 2 (1.2) |
 2021 | 40 (24.2) |
 2022 | 102 (61.8) |
 2023 (through June) | 20 (12.1) |
Drug overlap (broad category) | |
 Fentanyl | 165 (100) |
 Stimulant | 124 (75.2) |
 Benzodiazepine | 25 (15.2) |