Table 2 Participating OPS clients’ perceptions of smoking-related risks (N = 599)****
Smoked opioids alone in the last 3 days | |
Yes | 456 (76) |
No | 119 (20) |
Prefer not to answer | 24 (4) |
Participant-reported perceived risks of smoking opioids**** | |
Overdose | 308 (51) |
Death | 176 (29) |
Addiction | 12 (2) |
Other health issues | 52 (9) |
Contaminants (e.g., benzos) | 11 (2) |
Excessive relaxation | 9 (2) |
Other drug-related | 3 (1) |
Arrest/incarceration | 65 (11) |
Robbery/crime | 46 (8) |
Losing friends/family/work | 40 (7) |
Reasons for smoking opioids alone in the last 3 days | |
Was alone/had no one to use with | 89 (20) |
Preference | 47 (10) |
Rules | 23 (5) |
Not wanting to share | 19 (4) |
Back-up plan in place***** | 5 (1) |
Combination | 6 (1) |
Prefer not to answer | 267 (59) |
Have ever overdosed while smoking opioids | |
Yes | 215 (36) |
No | 265 (44) |
Prefer not to answer | 119 (20) |