Table 3 Substance use
Substance | All participants (n = 150) | Stimulants main drug (n = 72) | Opioids main drug (n = 56) | Stimulants and opioids main drug (n = 17) | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Crack Cocaine | |||||||||
Used | 125 | 83.3 | 61 | 84.7 | 43 | 76.8 | 17 | 100.0 | .072 |
Injected | 10 | 8.0 | 6 | 9.8 | 3 | 7.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Smoked | 122 | 97.6 | 61 | 100.0 | 41 | 95.3 | 16 | 94.1 | |
Snorted | 3 | 2.4 | 3 | 4.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Not used | 25 | 16.7 | 11 | 15.3 | 13 | 23.2 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Days used past week | 3.54 | 3.58 | 3.10 | 4.88 | |||||
Days injected past week | 2.44 | 4.00 | .67 | 0 | |||||
Powder Cocaine | |||||||||
Used | 49 | 32.7 | 21 | 29.2 | 18 | 32.1 | 8 | 47.1 | .366 |
Injected | 30 | 61.2 | 8 | 38.1 | 14 | 77.8 | 6 | 75.0 | |
Smoked | 10 | 20.4 | 4 | 19.0 | 4 | 22.2 | 2 | 25.0 | |
Snorted | 19 | 38.8 | 13 | 61.9 | 5 | 27.8 | 1 | 12.5 | |
Not used | 101 | 67.3 | 51 | 70.8 | 38 | 67.9 | 9 | 52.9 | |
Days used past week | 1.35 | 1.4 | .77 | 2.71 | |||||
Days injected past week | 1.71 | 2.50 | 1.00 | 2.33 | |||||
Methamphetamine | |||||||||
Used | 78 | 52.0 | 37 | 51.4 | 26 | 46.4 | 13 | 76.5 | .092 |
Injected | 47 | 60.3 | 17 | 45.9 | 19 | 73.1 | 9 | 69.2 | |
Smoked | 44 | 56.4 | 22 | 59.5 | 17 | 65.4 | 5 | 38.5 | |
Snorted | 21 | 26.9 | 11 | 29.7 | 7 | 26.9 | 3 | 23.1 | |
Not used | 72 | 48.0 | 35 | 48.6 | 30 | 53.6 | 4 | 23.5 | |
Days used past week | 3.56 | 4.08 | 3.27 | 3.00 | |||||
Days injected past week | 3.75 | 5.44 | 2.89 | 2.78 | |||||
Heroin | |||||||||
Used | 101 | 67.3 | 33 | 45.8 | 51 | 91.1 | 16 | 94.1 | < .001* |
Injected | 72 | 71.3 | 20 | 60.6 | 39 | 76.5 | 12 | 75.0 | |
Smoked | 36 | 35.6 | 12 | 36.4 | 18 | 35.3 | 5 | 31.3 | |
Snorted | 21 | 20.8 | 9 | 27.3 | 7 | 13.7 | 5 | 31.3 | |
Not used | 49 | 32.7 | 39 | 54.2 | 5 | 8.9 | 1 | 5.9 | |
Days used past week | 5.05 | 3.53 | 5.71 | 6.33 | |||||
Days injected past week | 5.01 | 3.80 | 5.51 | 5.83 | |||||
Fentanyl (by itself or mixed) | |||||||||
Used | 104 | 69.3 | 37 | 51.4 | 50 | 89.3 | 16 | 94.1 | < .001* |
Injected | 67 | 64.4 | 18 | 48.6 | 37 | 74.0 | 11 | 68.8 | |
Smoked | 38 | 36.5 | 17 | 45.9 | 18 | 36.0 | 3 | 18.8 | |
Snorted | 16 | 15.4 | 8 | 21.6 | 5 | 10.0 | 3 | 18.8 | |
Not used | 46 | 30.7 | 35 | 48.6 | 6 | 10.7 | 1 | 5.9 | |
Purposeful use? | |||||||||
Yes | 43 | 41.3 | 7 | 18.9 | 28 | 56.0 | 8 | 50.0 | .002* |
Days used past week | 4.93 | 3.29 | 5.55 | 6.18 | |||||
Days injected past week | 5.03 | 4.46 | 5.16 | 5.80 | |||||
Speedball (cocaine and heroin mixed) | |||||||||
Used | 21 | 14.0 | 5 | 6.9 | 9 | 16.1 | 6 | 35.3 | .008* |
Injected | 15 | 71.4 | 2 | 40.0 | 8 | 88.9 | 4 | 66.7 | |
Smoked | 9 | 42.9 | 3 | 60.0 | 5 | 55.6 | 1 | 16.7 | |
Snorted | 3 | 14.3 | 1 | 20.0 | 2 | 22.2 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Not used | 129 | 86.0 | 67 | 93.1 | 48 | 85.7 | 11 | 64.7 | |
# Days used past week | 2.24 | 3.00 | 2.25 | 2.20 | |||||
# Days injected past week | 2.14 | 4 | 1.57 | 2.75 | |||||
Goofball (meth and heroin mixed) | |||||||||
Used | 33 | 22.0 | 8 | 11.1 | 16 | 28.6 | 9 | 52.9 | < .001* |
Injected | 28 | 84.8 | 7 | 87.5 | 14 | 87.5 | 7 | 77.8 | |
Smoked | 9 | 27.3 | 3 | 37.5 | 4 | 25.0 | 2 | 22.2 | |
Snorted | 3 | 9.1 | 1 | 12.5 | 1 | 6.3 | 1 | 11.1 | |
Not used | 117 | 78.0 | 64 | 88.9 | 40 | 71.4 | 7 | 41.2 | |
# Days used past week | 3.13 | 3.75 | 2.88 | 3.00 | |||||
# Days injected past week | 3.14 | 4.29 | 2.64 | 3.00 | |||||
Xylazine | |||||||||
Used | 57 | 38.0 | 14 | 19.4 | 31 | 55.4 | 12 | 70.6 | < .001* |
Injected | 34 | 59.6 | 6 | 42.9 | 19 | 61.3 | 9 | 75.0 | |
Smoked | 16 | 28.1 | 4 | 28.6 | 9 | 29.0 | 3 | 25.0 | |
Snorted | 5 | 8.8 | 2 | 14.3 | 1 | 3.2 | 2 | 16.7 | |
Not used | 93 | 62.0 | 58 | 80.6 | 25 | 44.6 | 5 | 29.4 | |
Days used past week | 4.83 | 3.33 | 5.32 | 4.80 | |||||
Days injected past week | 5.47 | 5.67 | 5.45 | 5.33 | |||||
Alcohol | |||||||||
Used | 67 | 44.7 | 34 | 47.2 | 17 | 30.4 | 11 | 64.7 | .024* |
Not used | 83 | 55.3 | 38 | 52.8 | 39 | 69.6 | 6 | 35.3 | |
Days used past week | 2.80 | 2.50 | 2.29 | 2.75 | |||||