Articles
Page 16 of 26
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Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:32
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The unique contribution of e-cigarettes for tobacco harm reduction in supporting smoking relapse prevention
We have little understanding of how vapers use e-cigarettes beyond cessation. E-cigarettes may have a role to play in reducing the health-related harms of tobacco smoking, through not only assisting smoking ce...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:31 -
The “here and now” of youth: the meanings of smoking for sexual and gender minority youth
The mainstream tobacco field in the USA tends to situate youth as passive, particularly in terms of their susceptibility to industry manipulation and peer pressure. However, failing to acknowledge youths’ agen...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:30 -
“Who has ever loved a drug addict? It’s a lie. They think a ‘teja’ is as bad person”: multiple stigmas faced by women who inject drugs in coastal Kenya
A tenth of all people who inject drugs in Kenya are women, yet their social contexts and experiences remain poorly understood. This paper reports how multiple forms of stigma are experienced by women who injec...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:29 -
Cost of provision of opioid substitution therapy provision in Tijuana, Mexico
Mexico recently enacted drug policy reform to decriminalize possession of small amounts of illicit drugs and mandated that police refer identified substance users to drug treatment. However, the economic impli...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:28 -
Comparing risk environments for HIV among people who inject drugs from three cities in Northern Mexico
A large body of research has investigated the rise of injection drug use and HIV transmission in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez (CJ). However, little is known about the dynamics of injecting in Hermosillo. This stu...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:27 -
Toots, tastes and tester shots: user accounts of drug sampling methods for gauging heroin potency
Internationally, overdose is the primary cause of death among people injecting drugs. However, since 2001, heroin-related overdose deaths in the United States (US) have risen sixfold, paralleled by a rise in t...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:26 -
Harm reduction and viral hepatitis C in European prisons: a cross-sectional survey of 25 countries
Current estimates suggest that 15% of all prisoners worldwide are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and this number is even higher in regions with high rates of injecting drug use. Althoug...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:25 -
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among prisoners in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the major public health problems both in developed and developing countries. Prison represents a high-risk environment for prisoners, in that it is characterized by high-risk ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:24 -
‘Care and Prevent’: rationale for investigating skin and soft tissue infections and AA amyloidosis among people who inject drugs in London
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people who inject drugs (PWID). International data indicate up to one third of PWID have experienced an SSTI within ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:23 -
Women’s gambling behaviour, product preferences, and perceptions of product harm: differences by age and gambling risk status
Women’s participation in, and harm from gambling, is steadily increasing. There has been very limited research to investigate how gambling behaviour, product preferences, and perceptions of gambling harm may v...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:22 -
Origins in the USA in the 1980s of the warning that smokeless tobacco is not a safe alternative to cigarettes: a historical, documents-based assessment with implications for comparative warnings on less harmful tobacco/nicotine products
Before the 1980s in the USA, smokeless tobacco carried no health warnings, was not judged to cause disease, and was a declining practice. In 1986, the federal government passed legislation requiring rotating w...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:21 -
Electronic cigarette use in Greece: an analysis of a representative population sample in Attica prefecture
The purpose was to assess prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use in Greece in 2017.
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:20 -
‘Worth the test?’ Pragmatism, pill testing and drug policy in Australia
Recent deaths of young Australian music festival attendees from ‘party-drug’ overdoses have sparked debate about the effectiveness of drug policies. Australia is widely lauded for its harm minimisation approac...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:12 -
Expanding harm reduction to include fentanyl urine testing: results from a pilot in rural British Columbia
Harm reduction has been at the forefront of the response to the opioid overdose public health emergency in British Columbia (BC). The unprecedented number of opioid overdose deaths in the province calls for an...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:19 -
Lay responder naloxone access and Good Samaritan law compliance: postcard survey results from 20 Indiana counties
To reduce fatal drug overdoses, two approaches many states have followed is to pass laws expanding naloxone access and Good Samaritan protections for lay persons with high likelihood to respond to an opioid ov...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:18 -
From problem people to addictive products: a qualitative study on rethinking gambling policy from the perspective of lived experience
Previous research has shown that government and industry discussions of gambling may focus on personal responsibility for gambling harm. In Australia, these discussions have largely excluded people with lived ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:16 -
Government and public health responses to e-cigarettes in New Zealand: vapers’ perspectives
The New Zealand (NZ) government is to lift the ban on the sale of nicotine for use in electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:13 -
Methamphetamine-type stimulant use in Lao PDR: qualitative findings from users aged 15–25 years in Vientiane Capital and Vientiane Province
Methamphetamine is one of the most widely used illicit drugs in several Southeast Asian countries, including the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). The purpose of this study was to examine the socio-cultu...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:17 -
Attitudes towards community gambling venues and support for regulatory reform: an online panel study of residents in New South Wales, Australia
Harmful gambling has been identified as an important public health issue that affects individuals, families and the broader community. One gambling product, electronic gambling machines (EGMs), has been associ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:15 -
Hospitalization among street-involved youth who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada: a longitudinal analysis
Street-involved youth who use illicit drugs are at high risk for health-related harms; however, the profile of youth at greatest risk of hospitalization has not been well described. We sought to characterize h...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:14 -
A national public health programme on gambling policy development in New Zealand: insights from a process evaluation
In New Zealand, a public health programme on gambling policy development is part of a national gambling harm reduction and prevention strategy mandated by the Gambling Act 2003. Funded by the Ministry of Health, ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:11 -
Another frontier for harm reduction: contraceptive needs of females who inject drugs in Estonia, a cross-sectional study
Despite increasing contraceptive availability, unintended pregnancy remains a global problem. Developing strategies to reverse this trend and increasing occurrence of withdrawal syndrome among newborn children...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:10 -
“They accept me, because I was one of them”: formative qualitative research supporting the feasibility of peer-led outreach for people who use drugs in Dakar, Senegal
Peer outreach harm reduction initiatives are being developed with and for people who use drugs in Dakar, Senegal. This is in response to growing injecting drug use across the West Africa region and linked emer...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:9 -
Prevalence and correlates of HIV infection among men who inject drugs in a remote area of Vietnam
Lack of information on the HIV epidemic among men who inject drugs (MWID) in northwestern Vietnam, a remote area, may hamper national efforts to control the disease. We examined HIV prevalence, needle–syringe ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:8 -
High willingness to use rapid fentanyl test strips among young adults who use drugs
Synthetic opioid overdose mortality among young adults has risen more than 300% in the USA since 2013, primarily due to the contamination of heroin and other drugs with illicitly manufactured fentanyl. Rapid t...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:7 -
Scoping out the literature on mobile needle and syringe programs—review of service delivery and client characteristics, operation, utilization, referrals, and impact
Needle and syringe program (NSP) service delivery models encompass fixed sites, mobile services, vending machines, pharmacies, peer NSPs, street outreach, and inter-organizational agreements to add NSP service...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:6 -
Evaluation of the Deadly Liver Mob program: insights for roll-out and scale-up of a pilot program to engage Aboriginal Australians in hepatitis C and sexual health education, screening, and care
Deadly Liver Mob (DLM) is a peer-driven, incentivised health promotion program aimed at increasing understanding of hepatitis C, promoting harm reduction in relation to injecting drug use, and linking particip...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:5 -
Pharmacists’ role in harm reduction: a survey assessment of Kentucky community pharmacists’ willingness to participate in syringe/needle exchange
Pharmacists’ role in harm reduction is expanding in many states, yet there are limited data on pharmacists’ willingness to participate in harm reduction activities. This study assessed community pharmacists’ w...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:4 -
Options for reducing HIV transmission related to the dead space in needles and syringes
When shared by people who inject drugs, needles and syringes with different dead space may affect the probability of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission differently.
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:3 -
The importance of drug checking outside the context of nightlife in Slovenia
The main purpose of the research was to evaluate the implementation of the drug checking service in Slovenia and to obtain the opinion of users included in harm reduction programmes for high-risk drug users an...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:2 -
Music festival attendees’ illicit drug use, knowledge and practices regarding drug content and purity: a cross-sectional survey
Drug checking is a harm reduction strategy which allows users to check the content and purity of illicit drugs. Although drug checking has been trialled internationally, with demonstrated value as a harm reduc...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2018 15:1 -
Knowledge and possession of take-home naloxone kits among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting: a cohort study
The distribution of take-home naloxone (THN) kits has been an important strategy in reducing overdose fatalities among people who use drugs. However, little is known about the use of THN among youth who are st...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:79 -
Opiate agonist treatment to improve health of individuals with opioid use disorder in Lebanon
Opioid agonist therapy has been widely used to reduce harms among individuals with opioid use disorder but its effectiveness has not been evaluated in the Middle East North African (MENA) region. This study ai...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:78 -
Housing and overdose: an opportunity for the scale-up of overdose prevention interventions?
North America is currently experiencing an overdose epidemic due to a significant increase of fentanyl-adulterated opioids and related analogs. Multiple jurisdictions have declared a public health emergency gi...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:77 -
Using peer advocates to improve access to services among hard-to-reach populations with hepatitis C: a qualitative study of client and provider relationships
Peer support programmes use individuals with specific experiences to improve engagement and outcomes among new clients. However, the skills and techniques used to achieve this engagement have not been mapped. ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:76 -
Why is there still hepatitis C transmission in Australian prisons? A case report
The ability to cure hepatitis C viral infection, with specific reference to the prisoner population and the prison environment, will be challenged, even if opiate replacement therapy is concurrently offered, a...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:75 -
Overdose prevention training with naloxone distribution in a prison in Oslo, Norway: a preliminary study
Prison inmates face a ten times increased risk of experiencing a fatal drug overdose during their first 2 weeks upon release than their non-incarcerated counterparts. Naloxone, the antidote to an opioid overdo...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:74 -
What Goes Around: the process of building a community-based harm reduction research project
Often, research takes place on underserved populations rather than with underserved populations. This approach can further isolate and stigmatize groups that are already made marginalized. What Goes Around is ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:73 -
Measuring improvement in knowledge of drug policy reforms following a police education program in Tijuana, Mexico
Mexico’s 2009 “narcomenudeo reform” decriminalized small amounts of drugs, shifting some drug law enforcement to the states and mandating drug treatment diversion instead of incarceration. Data from Tijuana su...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:72 -
Hepatitis C infection, related services, and barriers to HCV treatment among drug users in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinics in Shanghai, China
The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of hepatitis C among MMT patients, hepatitis C virus (HCV) knowledge of patients and MMT staff members, and the barriers preventing them from receiving ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:71 -
Harm reduction principles for healthcare settings
Harm reduction refers to interventions aimed at reducing the negative effects of health behaviors without necessarily extinguishing the problematic health behaviors completely. The vast majority of the harm re...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:70 -
Needle acquisition patterns, network risk and social capital among rural PWID in Puerto Rico
People who inject drugs (PWID) take on significant risks of contracting blood-borne infection, including injecting with a large number of partners and acquiring needles from unsafe sources. When combined, risk...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:69 -
Mitigating risks of students use of study drugs through understanding motivations for use and applying harm reduction theory: a literature review
As postsecondary students’ use of “study drugs” becomes more popular with increasingly reported negative effects on health and academic performance, failing prohibitionist policies to reduce consumption, and a...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:68 -
Perceived benefits of the hepatitis C peer educators: a qualitative investigation
Although opioid-dependent patients are disproportionately impacted by hepatitis C (HCV), many do not receive treatment. In addition to HCV treatment-access barriers, substance-using patients may be reluctant t...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:67 -
Methadone maintenance—lessons from two systems in China
In Hong Kong, methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was launched in the 1970s, almost 30 years before the counterpart programme’s inauguration in Mainland China. Both were established in response to perceived ...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:66 -
Erratum to: “Like a lots happened with my whole childhood”: violence, trauma, and addiction in pregnant and postpartum women from Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:65 -
Stigmatization of people who inject drugs (PWID) by pharmacists in Tajikistan: sociocultural context and implications for a pharmacy-based prevention approach
Pharmacies are an important source of sterile syringes for people who inject drugs (PWID) in Tajikistan who are under high risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus. Accessibility of sterile syringes at pharmacies wit...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:64 -
Barriers to retention in methadone maintenance therapy among people who inject drugs in Bangkok, Thailand: a mixed-methods study
Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is a mainstay for treating opioid use disorder and preventing and managing HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID). While previous research suggested low dosing of methadon...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:63 -
Characteristics of persons who inject drugs and who witness opioid overdoses in Vietnam: a cross-sectional analysis to inform future overdose prevention programs
Persons who use opioids have a high risk of overdose and associated mortality. In Vietnam, little is known about the characteristics of this population and the persons who are witness to those overdoses. One a...
Citation: Harm Reduction Journal 2017 14:62