Degenhardt L, et al. The global epidemiology and burden of opioid dependence: results from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Addiction. 2014;109:1320–33.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
EMCDDA. European drug report 2019: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2019.
Google Scholar
EMCDDA. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Spain. Country Drug Report 2017. 2017.
CªIyPS, Consejería de Igualdad y Políticas Sociales. Indicador admisiones a tratamiento por abuso o dependencia a sustancias o por adicciones comportamentales en Andalucía. 2017. Junta de Andalucía: Agencia de Servicios Sociales y Dependencia de Andalucía; 2018.
CªIyPS, Consejería de Igualdad y Políticas Sociales. Área de Drogodependencias y Adicciones. Memoria 2016. Junta de Andalucía: Secretaría General de Servicios Sociales; 2016.
Dole VP, Nyswander M. A medical treatment for diacetylmorphine (heroin) addiction: a clinical trial with methadone hydrochloride. JAMA. 1965;193(8):646–50.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Novick DM, et al. Methadone medical maintenance: an early 21st-century perspective. J Addict Dis. 2015;34(2–3):226–37.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Berkowitz BA. The relationship of pharmacokinetics to pharmacological activity: morphine, methadone and naloxone. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1976;1(3):219–30.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Soyka M, et al. Less impairment on one portion of a driving-relevant psychomotor battery in buprenorphine-maintained than in methadone-maintained patients: results of a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005;25(5):490–3.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kakko J, et al. 1-year retention and social function after buprenorphine-assisted relapse prevention treatment for heroin dependence in Sweden: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9358):662–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nicholls L, Bragaw L, Ruetsch C. Opioid dependence treatment and guidelines. J Manag Care Pharm. 2010;16(1):14–21.
Article
Google Scholar
Nielsen S, Larance B, Lintzeris N. Opioid agonist treatment for patients with dependence on prescription opioids. JAMA. 2017;317(9):967–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
McLellan AT, et al. Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation. JAMA. 2000;284(13):1689–95.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Torrens M, et al. Use of the Nottingham Health Profile for measuring health status of patients in methadone maintenance treatment. Addiction. 1997;92(6):707–16.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cornish R, et al. Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care: prospective observational study in UK General Practice Research Database. BMJ. 2010;341:c5475.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sordo L, et al. Mortality risk during and after opioid substitution treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMJ. 2017;357:j1550.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Darke S, Ross J, Hall W. Overdose among heroin users in Sydney, Australia: I. Prevalence and correlates of non-fatal overdose. Addiction. 1996;91(3):405–11.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ward J, Hall W, Mattick R. Role of methadone maintenance in opioid dependence. Lancet. 1999;353:221–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lawrinson P, et al. Key findings from the WHO collaborative study on substitution therapy for opioid dependence and HIV/AIDS. Addiction. 2008;103(9):1484–92.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van Cleave JH, Egleston BL, McCorkle R. Factors affecting recovery of functional status in older adults after cancer surgery. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59(1):34–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leidy NK. Functional status and the forward progress of merry-go-rounds: toward a coherent analytical framework. Nurs Res. 1994;43(4):196–202.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rowe MA. The impact of internal and external resources on functional outcomes in chronic illness. Res Nurs Health. 1996;19(6):485–97.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ryan CF, White JM. Health status at entry to methadone maintenance treatment using the SF-36 health survey questionnaire. Addiction. 1996;91(1):39–45.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgins C, Smith BH, Matthews K. Evidence of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in clinical populations after chronic opioid exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2019;122(6):e114–26.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roncero C, et al. Psychiatric comorbidities in opioid-dependent patients undergoing a replacement therapy programme in Spain: the PROTEUS study. Psychiatry Res. 2016;243:174–81.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schuckit MA. Comorbidity between substance use disorders and psychiatric conditions. Addiction. 2006;101(Suppl 1):76–88.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Savant JD, et al. Prevalence of mood and substance use disorders among patients seeking primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;127(1–3):243–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aggarwal N, et al. A study of assessment of sexual dysfunction in male subjects with opioid dependence. Asian J Psychiatr. 2016;23:17–23.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Teoh JB, et al. Erectile dysfunction among patients on methadone maintenance therapy and its association with quality of life. J Addict Med. 2017;11(1):40–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Llanes C, et al. Sexual dysfunction and quality of life in chronic heroin-dependent individuals on methadone maintenance treatment. J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):321.
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Feelemyer JP, et al. Changes in quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and addiction severity index (ASI) among participants in opioid substitution treatment (OST) in low and middle income countries: an international systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014;134:251–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Association AP. Diagnostic criteria from dsM-iV-tr. American Psychiatric Pub; 2000.
Google Scholar
Üstün TB, et al. Measuring health and disability: Manual for WHO disability assessment schedule WHODAS 2.0. World Health Organization; 2010.
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). World Health Organization; 2001.
Google Scholar
Federici S, et al. World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0: an international systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. 2017;39(23):2347–80.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Garin O, et al. Validation of the “World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS-2” in patients with chronic diseases. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:51.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Vázquez-Barquero JL, et al. Spanish version of the new World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS-II): initial phase of development and pilot study. Cantabria disability work group. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2000;28(2):77–87.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vázquez-Barquero J, et al. Spanish version of the new World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS-II): initial phase of development and pilot study. Cantabria disability work group. Actas Espanolas de Psiquiatria. 2000;28(2):77–87.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Montejo ÁL, Rico-Villademoros F. Psychometric properties of the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ-SALSEX) in patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. J Sex Marital Ther. 2008;34(3):227–39.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Domingo-Salvany A, et al. Methadone treatment in Spain, 1994. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999;56(1):61–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Puigdollers E, et al. Characteristics of heroin addicts entering methadone maintenance treatment: quality of life and gender. Subst Use Misuse. 2004;39(9):1353–68.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Astals M, et al. Impact of co-occurring psychiatric disorders on retention in a methadone maintenance program: an 18-month follow-up study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009;6(11):2822–32.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fernández Sobrino AM, Fernández Rodríguez V, López Castro J. Benzodiazepine use in a sample of patients on a treatment program with opiate derivatives (PTDO). Adicciones. 2009;21(2):143–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgins C, Smith BH, Matthews K. Evidence of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in clinical populations after chronic opioid exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2018;122:e114.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Connock M, et al. Methadone and buprenorphine for the management of opioid dependence: a systematic review and economic evaluation. In: NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme: executive summaries. NIHR Journals Library; 2007.
Baldacchino A, et al. Neuropsychological functioning and chronic methadone use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017;73:23–38.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Woods JS, Joseph H. From narcotic to normalizer: the misperception of methadone treatment and the persistence of prejudice and bias. Subst Use Misuse. 2018;53(2):323–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Daniell HW. Narcotic-induced hypogonadism during therapy for heroin addiction. J Addict Dis. 2002;21(4):47–53.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhang M, et al. Sexual dysfunction improved in heroin-dependent men after methadone maintenance treatment in Tianjin, China. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2):e88289.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Brown R, et al. Methadone maintenance and male sexual dysfunction. J Addict Dis. 2005;24(2):91–106.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yee A, Loh HS, Ng CG. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction among male patients on methadone and buprenorphine treatments: a meta-analysis study. J Sex Med. 2014;11(1):22–32.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Walcher S, et al. The opiate dosage adequacy scale for identification of the right methadone dose—a prospective cohort study. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;17:15.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Spring WD Jr, Willenbring ML, Maddux TL. Sexual dysfunction and psychological distress in methadone maintenance. Int J Addict. 1992;27(11):1325–34.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reimer J, et al. When higher doses in opioid replacement treatment are still inadequate—association to multidimensional illness severity: a cohort study. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2014;9:13.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bliesener N, et al. Plasma testosterone and sexual function in men receiving buprenorphine maintenance for opioid dependence. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(1):203–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ramdurg S, Ambekar A, Lal R. Co-relationship between sexual dysfunction and high-risk sexual behavior in patients receiving buprenorphine and naltrexone maintenance therapy for opioid dependence. Ind Psychiatry J. 2015;24(1):29–34.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Roberts LJ, et al. Sex hormone suppression by intrathecal opioids: a prospective study. Clin J Pain. 2002;18(3):144–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nalamachu S, et al. Hormone replacement therapy for restoring the HPG axis in pain patients treated with long-term opioid analgesics. Pharmacol Pharm. 2018;09(11):8.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar